pourfendre
Appearance
French
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]pourfendre
- (transitive, literary) to slice through, slay (with a sword)
- (transitive, figuratively) to lay into, shoot down, attack, slate (criticize strongly)
- 2020 May 18, “Brésil : la dangereuse fuite en avant de Bolsonaro”, in Le Monde[1]:
- Quand son ministre des affaires étrangères, Ernesto Araujo, pourfend le « comunavirus », affirmant que la pandémie est le résultat d’un complot communiste.
- When his Minister of Foreign Affairs, Ernesto Araujo, attacks the "comunavirus", claiming that the pandemic is the result of a communist plot.
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of pourfendre (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive | simple | pourfendre | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | pourfendant /puʁ.fɑ̃.dɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | pourfendu /puʁ.fɑ̃.dy/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | pourfends /puʁ.fɑ̃/ |
pourfends /puʁ.fɑ̃/ |
pourfend /puʁ.fɑ̃/ |
pourfendons /puʁ.fɑ̃.dɔ̃/ |
pourfendez /puʁ.fɑ̃.de/ |
pourfendent /puʁ.fɑ̃d/ |
imperfect | pourfendais /puʁ.fɑ̃.dɛ/ |
pourfendais /puʁ.fɑ̃.dɛ/ |
pourfendait /puʁ.fɑ̃.dɛ/ |
pourfendions /puʁ.fɑ̃.djɔ̃/ |
pourfendiez /puʁ.fɑ̃.dje/ |
pourfendaient /puʁ.fɑ̃.dɛ/ | |
past historic2 | pourfendis /puʁ.fɑ̃.di/ |
pourfendis /puʁ.fɑ̃.di/ |
pourfendit /puʁ.fɑ̃.di/ |
pourfendîmes /puʁ.fɑ̃.dim/ |
pourfendîtes /puʁ.fɑ̃.dit/ |
pourfendirent /puʁ.fɑ̃.diʁ/ | |
future | pourfendrai /puʁ.fɑ̃.dʁe/ |
pourfendras /puʁ.fɑ̃.dʁa/ |
pourfendra /puʁ.fɑ̃.dʁa/ |
pourfendrons /puʁ.fɑ̃.dʁɔ̃/ |
pourfendrez /puʁ.fɑ̃.dʁe/ |
pourfendront /puʁ.fɑ̃.dʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | pourfendrais /puʁ.fɑ̃.dʁɛ/ |
pourfendrais /puʁ.fɑ̃.dʁɛ/ |
pourfendrait /puʁ.fɑ̃.dʁɛ/ |
pourfendrions /puʁ.fɑ̃.dʁi.jɔ̃/ |
pourfendriez /puʁ.fɑ̃.dʁi.je/ |
pourfendraient /puʁ.fɑ̃.dʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | pourfende /puʁ.fɑ̃d/ |
pourfendes /puʁ.fɑ̃d/ |
pourfende /puʁ.fɑ̃d/ |
pourfendions /puʁ.fɑ̃.djɔ̃/ |
pourfendiez /puʁ.fɑ̃.dje/ |
pourfendent /puʁ.fɑ̃d/ |
imperfect2 | pourfendisse /puʁ.fɑ̃.dis/ |
pourfendisses /puʁ.fɑ̃.dis/ |
pourfendît /puʁ.fɑ̃.di/ |
pourfendissions /puʁ.fɑ̃.di.sjɔ̃/ |
pourfendissiez /puʁ.fɑ̃.di.sje/ |
pourfendissent /puʁ.fɑ̃.dis/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | pourfends /puʁ.fɑ̃/ |
— | pourfendons /puʁ.fɑ̃.dɔ̃/ |
pourfendez /puʁ.fɑ̃.de/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “pourfendre”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.