pernosco

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /perˈnoːs.koː/, [pɛrˈnoːs̠koː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /perˈnos.ko/, [perˈnɔsko]

Verb

pernōscō (present infinitive pernōscere, perfect active pernōvī, supine pernōtum); third conjugation

1. to examine thoroughly
2. to learn (about) thoroughly

Conjugation

Conjugation of pernōscō (third conjugation)
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	pernōscō	pernōscis	pernōscit	pernōscimus	pernōscitis	pernōscunt
	imperfect	pernōscēbam	pernōscēbās	pernōscēbat	pernōscēbāmus	pernōscēbātis	pernōscēbant
	future	pernōscam	pernōscēs	pernōscet	pernōscēmus	pernōscētis	pernōscent
	perfect	pernōvī	pernōvistī, pernōstī1	pernōvit	pernōvimus, pernōmus1	pernōvistis, pernōstis1	pernōvērunt, pernōvēre, pernōrunt1
	pluperfect	pernōveram, pernōram1	pernōverās, pernōrās1	pernōverat, pernōrat1	pernōverāmus, pernōrāmus1	pernōverātis, pernōrātis1	pernōverant, pernōrant1
	future perfect	pernōverō, pernōrō1	pernōveris, pernōris1	pernōverit, pernōrit1	pernōverimus, pernōrimus1	pernōveritis, pernōritis1	pernōverint, pernōrint1
passive	present	pernōscor	pernōsceris, pernōscere	pernōscitur	pernōscimur	pernōsciminī	pernōscuntur
	imperfect	pernōscēbar	pernōscēbāris, pernōscēbāre	pernōscēbātur	pernōscēbāmur	pernōscēbāminī	pernōscēbantur
	future	pernōscar	pernōscēris, pernōscēre	pernōscētur	pernōscēmur	pernōscēminī	pernōscentur
	perfect	pernōtus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	pernōtus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	pernōtus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	pernōscam	pernōscās	pernōscat	pernōscāmus	pernōscātis	pernōscant
	imperfect	pernōscerem	pernōscerēs	pernōsceret	pernōscerēmus	pernōscerētis	pernōscerent
	perfect	pernōverim, pernōrim1	pernōverīs, pernōrīs1	pernōverit, pernōrit1	pernōverīmus, pernōrīmus1	pernōverītis, pernōrītis1	pernōverint, pernōrint1
	pluperfect	pernōvissem, pernōssem1	pernōvissēs, pernōssēs1	pernōvisset, pernōsset1	pernōvissēmus, pernōssēmus1	pernōvissētis, pernōssētis1	pernōvissent, pernōssent1
passive	present	pernōscar	pernōscāris, pernōscāre	pernōscātur	pernōscāmur	pernōscāminī	pernōscantur
	imperfect	pernōscerer	pernōscerēris, pernōscerēre	pernōscerētur	pernōscerēmur	pernōscerēminī	pernōscerentur
	perfect	pernōtus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	pernōtus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	pernōsce	—	—	pernōscite	—
	future	—	pernōscitō	pernōscitō	—	pernōscitōte	pernōscuntō
passive	present	—	pernōscere	—	—	pernōsciminī	—
	future	—	pernōscitor	pernōscitor	—	—	pernōscuntor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		pernōscere	pernōvisse, pernōsse1	pernōtūrum esse	pernōscī	pernōtum esse	pernōtum īrī
participles		pernōscēns	—	pernōtūrus	—	pernōtus	pernōscendus, pernōscundus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		pernōscendī	pernōscendō	pernōscendum	pernōscendō	pernōtum	pernōtū

¹The verb "nōscō" and its compounds frequently drop the syllables "vi" and "ve" from their perfect, pluperfect and future perfect conjugations.

References

• “pernosco”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “pernosco”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• pernosco in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.