nyal
Appearance
See also: nyál
Bouyei
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Tai *ʰɲɯəꟲ (“grass”). Cognate with Thai หญ้า (yâa), Northern Thai ᩉ᩠ᨿ᩶ᩣ, Lao ຫຍ້າ (nyā), Lü ᦊᦱᧉ (ẏaa²), Tai Dam ꪐ꫁ꪱ, Shan ယိူဝ်ႈ (yōe), ယႃႈ (yāa), Tai Nüa ᥕᥫᥲ (yòe), ᥕᥣᥲ (yàa), Phake ယႃ (yā), Ahom 𑜊𑜢𑜤𑜈𑜫 (jʸüw), 𑜊𑜠 (jʸa), 𑜊𑜡 (jʸā), 𑜐𑜠 (ña), Tày nhả, Zhuang nywj, Nong Zhuang nyaj, Zuojiang Zhuang yaj.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]nyal
Hungarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Uralic *ńale-. Cognates include Finnish nuolla. [1][2]
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]nyal
- (transitive) to lick
Conjugation
[edit]conjugation of nyal
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | nyalok | nyalsz | nyal | nyalunk | nyaltok | nyalnak | |
Def. | nyalom | nyalod | nyalja | nyaljuk | nyaljátok | nyalják | |||
2nd-p. o. | nyallak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | nyaltam | nyaltál | nyalt | nyaltunk | nyaltatok | nyaltak | ||
Def. | nyaltam | nyaltad | nyalta | nyaltuk | nyaltátok | nyalták | |||
2nd-p. o. | nyaltalak | ― | |||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. nyalni fog. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | nyalék | nyalál | nyala | nyalánk | nyalátok | nyalának | ||
Def. | nyalám | nyalád | nyalá | nyalánk | nyalátok | nyalák | |||
2nd-p. o. | nyalálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. nyal vala, nyalt vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | nyalandok | nyalandasz | nyaland | nyalandunk | nyalandotok | nyalandanak | ||
Def. | nyalandom | nyalandod | nyalandja | nyalandjuk | nyalandjátok | nyalandják | |||
2nd-p. o. | nyalandalak | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | nyalnék | nyalnál | nyalna | nyalnánk | nyalnátok | nyalnának | |
Def. | nyalnám | nyalnád | nyalná | nyalnánk (or nyalnók) |
nyalnátok | nyalnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | nyalnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. nyalt volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | nyaljak | nyalj or nyaljál |
nyaljon | nyaljunk | nyaljatok | nyaljanak | |
Def. | nyaljam | nyald or nyaljad |
nyalja | nyaljuk | nyaljátok | nyalják | |||
2nd-p. o. | nyaljalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. nyalt légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | nyalni | nyalnom | nyalnod | nyalnia | nyalnunk | nyalnotok | nyalniuk | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
nyalás | nyaló | nyalt | nyalandó | nyalva (nyalván) | |||||
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs). | |||||||||
potential conjugation of nyal
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | nyalhatok | nyalhatsz | nyalhat | nyalhatunk | nyalhattok | nyalhatnak | |
Def. | nyalhatom | nyalhatod | nyalhatja | nyalhatjuk | nyalhatjátok | nyalhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | nyalhatlak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | nyalhattam | nyalhattál | nyalhatott | nyalhattunk | nyalhattatok | nyalhattak | ||
Def. | nyalhattam | nyalhattad | nyalhatta | nyalhattuk | nyalhattátok | nyalhatták | |||
2nd-p. o. | nyalhattalak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | nyalhaték | nyalhatál | nyalhata | nyalhatánk | nyalhatátok | nyalhatának | ||
Def. | nyalhatám | nyalhatád | nyalhatá | nyalhatánk | nyalhatátok | nyalhaták | |||
2nd-p. o. | nyalhatálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. nyalhat vala, nyalhatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | nyalhatandok or nyalandhatok |
nyalhatandasz or nyalandhatsz |
nyalhatand or nyalandhat |
nyalhatandunk or nyalandhatunk |
nyalhatandotok or nyalandhattok |
nyalhatandanak or nyalandhatnak | ||
Def. | nyalhatandom or nyalandhatom |
nyalhatandod or nyalandhatod |
nyalhatandja or nyalandhatja |
nyalhatandjuk or nyalandhatjuk |
nyalhatandjátok or nyalandhatjátok |
nyalhatandják or nyalandhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | nyalhatandalak or nyalandhatlak |
― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | nyalhatnék | nyalhatnál | nyalhatna | nyalhatnánk | nyalhatnátok | nyalhatnának | |
Def. | nyalhatnám | nyalhatnád | nyalhatná | nyalhatnánk (or nyalhatnók) |
nyalhatnátok | nyalhatnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | nyalhatnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. nyalhatott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | nyalhassak | nyalhass or nyalhassál |
nyalhasson | nyalhassunk | nyalhassatok | nyalhassanak | |
Def. | nyalhassam | nyalhasd or nyalhassad |
nyalhassa | nyalhassuk | nyalhassátok | nyalhassák | |||
2nd-p. o. | nyalhassalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. nyalhatott légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (nyalhatni) | (nyalhatnom) | (nyalhatnod) | (nyalhatnia) | (nyalhatnunk) | (nyalhatnotok) | (nyalhatniuk) | ||
Positive adjective | nyalható | Neg. adj. | nyalhatatlan | Adv. part. | (nyalhatva / nyalhatván) | ||||
Derived terms
[edit](With verbal prefixes):
Compound words
References
[edit]- ^ Entry #633 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
- ^ nyal in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
[edit]- nyal in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Southwestern Dinka
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Noun
[edit]nyal
References
[edit]- Dinka-English Dictionary[1], 2005
Categories:
- Bouyei terms inherited from Proto-Tai
- Bouyei terms derived from Proto-Tai
- Bouyei terms with IPA pronunciation
- Bouyei lemmas
- Bouyei nouns
- Hungarian terms inherited from Proto-Uralic
- Hungarian terms derived from Proto-Uralic
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ɒl
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ɒl/1 syllable
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian verbs
- Hungarian transitive verbs
- Hungarian three-letter words
- Southwestern Dinka lemmas
- Southwestern Dinka nouns