nqoba

Zulu

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ᵑǃôːɓa/

Verb

-nqôba

1. (intransitive) to conquer, to defeat, to overcome, to overpower
2. (intransitive) to master, to win

Inflection

Tone HH
Infinitive	ukunqoba
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukunqoba	ukunganqobi
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	nqoba	-nqobe
Plural	nqobani	-nqobeni
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyanqoba, nginqoba	enginqobayo, enginqoba	nginqoba	anginqobi	enginganqobi	nginganqobi
2nd singular	uyanqoba, unqoba	onqobayo, onqoba	unqoba	awunqobi	onganqobi	unganqobi
1st plural	siyanqoba, sinqoba	esinqobayo, esinqoba	sinqoba	asinqobi	esinganqobi	singanqobi
2nd plural	niyanqoba, ninqoba	eninqobayo, eninqoba	ninqoba	aninqobi	eninganqobi	ninganqobi
Class 1	uyanqoba, unqoba	onqobayo, onqoba	enqoba	akanqobi	onganqobi	enganqobi
Class 2	bayanqoba, banqoba	abanqobayo, abanqoba	benqoba	abanqobi	abanganqobi	benganqobi
Class 3	uyanqoba, unqoba	onqobayo, onqoba	unqoba	awunqobi	onganqobi	unganqobi
Class 4	iyanqoba, inqoba	enqobayo, enqoba	inqoba	ayinqobi	enganqobi	inganqobi
Class 5	liyanqoba, linqoba	elinqobayo, elinqoba	linqoba	alinqobi	elinganqobi	linganqobi
Class 6	ayanqoba, anqoba	anqobayo, anqoba	enqoba	awanqobi	anganqobi	enganqobi
Class 7	siyanqoba, sinqoba	esinqobayo, esinqoba	sinqoba	asinqobi	esinganqobi	singanqobi
Class 8	ziyanqoba, zinqoba	ezinqobayo, ezinqoba	zinqoba	azinqobi	ezinganqobi	zinganqobi
Class 9	iyanqoba, inqoba	enqobayo, enqoba	inqoba	ayinqobi	enganqobi	inganqobi
Class 10	ziyanqoba, zinqoba	ezinqobayo, ezinqoba	zinqoba	azinqobi	ezinganqobi	zinganqobi
Class 11	luyanqoba, lunqoba	olunqobayo, olunqoba	lunqoba	alunqobi	olunganqobi	lunganqobi
Class 14	buyanqoba, bunqoba	obunqobayo, obunqoba	bunqoba	abunqobi	obunganqobi	bunganqobi
Class 15	kuyanqoba, kunqoba	okunqobayo, okunqoba	kunqoba	akunqobi	okunganqobi	kunganqobi
Class 17	kuyanqoba, kunqoba	okunqobayo, okunqoba	kunqoba	akunqobi	okunganqobi	kunganqobi
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	nginqobile, nginqobē	enginqobile, enginqobē	nginqobile, nginqobē	anginqobanga	enginganqobanga	nginganqobanga
2nd singular	unqobile, unqobē	onqobile, onqobē	unqobile, unqobē	awunqobanga	onganqobanga	unganqobanga
1st plural	sinqobile, sinqobē	esinqobile, esinqobē	sinqobile, sinqobē	asinqobanga	esinganqobanga	singanqobanga
2nd plural	ninqobile, ninqobē	eninqobile, eninqobē	ninqobile, ninqobē	aninqobanga	eninganqobanga	ninganqobanga
Class 1	unqobile, unqobē	onqobile, onqobē	enqobile, enqobē	akanqobanga	onganqobanga	enganqobanga
Class 2	banqobile, banqobē	abanqobile, abanqobē	benqobile, benqobē	abanqobanga	abanganqobanga	benganqobanga
Class 3	unqobile, unqobē	onqobile, onqobē	unqobile, unqobē	awunqobanga	onganqobanga	unganqobanga
Class 4	inqobile, inqobē	enqobile, enqobē	inqobile, inqobē	ayinqobanga	enganqobanga	inganqobanga
Class 5	linqobile, linqobē	elinqobile, elinqobē	linqobile, linqobē	alinqobanga	elinganqobanga	linganqobanga
Class 6	anqobile, anqobē	anqobile, anqobē	enqobile, enqobē	awanqobanga	anganqobanga	enganqobanga
Class 7	sinqobile, sinqobē	esinqobile, esinqobē	sinqobile, sinqobē	asinqobanga	esinganqobanga	singanqobanga
Class 8	zinqobile, zinqobē	ezinqobile, ezinqobē	zinqobile, zinqobē	azinqobanga	ezinganqobanga	zinganqobanga
Class 9	inqobile, inqobē	enqobile, enqobē	inqobile, inqobē	ayinqobanga	enganqobanga	inganqobanga
Class 10	zinqobile, zinqobē	ezinqobile, ezinqobē	zinqobile, zinqobē	azinqobanga	ezinganqobanga	zinganqobanga
Class 11	lunqobile, lunqobē	olunqobile, olunqobē	lunqobile, lunqobē	alunqobanga	olunganqobanga	lunganqobanga
Class 14	bunqobile, bunqobē	obunqobile, obunqobē	bunqobile, bunqobē	abunqobanga	obunganqobanga	bunganqobanga
Class 15	kunqobile, kunqobē	okunqobile, okunqobē	kunqobile, kunqobē	akunqobanga	okunganqobanga	kunganqobanga
Class 17	kunqobile, kunqobē	okunqobile, okunqobē	kunqobile, kunqobē	akunqobanga	okunganqobanga	kunganqobanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngānqoba	engānqoba	ngānqoba	anginqobanga	enginganqobanga	nginganqobanga
2nd singular	wānqoba	owānqoba	wānqoba	awunqobanga	onganqobanga	unganqobanga
1st plural	sānqoba	esānqoba	sānqoba	asinqobanga	esinganqobanga	singanqobanga
2nd plural	nānqoba	enānqoba	nānqoba	aninqobanga	eninganqobanga	ninganqobanga
Class 1	wānqoba	owānqoba	ānqoba	akanqobanga	onganqobanga	enganqobanga
Class 2	bānqoba	abānqoba	bānqoba	abanqobanga	abanganqobanga	benganqobanga
Class 3	wānqoba	owānqoba	wānqoba	awunqobanga	onganqobanga	unganqobanga
Class 4	yānqoba	eyānqoba	yānqoba	ayinqobanga	enganqobanga	inganqobanga
Class 5	lānqoba	elānqoba	lānqoba	alinqobanga	elinganqobanga	linganqobanga
Class 6	ānqoba	ānqoba	ānqoba	awanqobanga	anganqobanga	enganqobanga
Class 7	sānqoba	esānqoba	sānqoba	asinqobanga	esinganqobanga	singanqobanga
Class 8	zānqoba	ezānqoba	zānqoba	azinqobanga	ezinganqobanga	zinganqobanga
Class 9	yānqoba	eyānqoba	yānqoba	ayinqobanga	enganqobanga	inganqobanga
Class 10	zānqoba	ezānqoba	zānqoba	azinqobanga	ezinganqobanga	zinganqobanga
Class 11	lwānqoba	olwānqoba	lwānqoba	alunqobanga	olunganqobanga	lunganqobanga
Class 14	bānqoba	obānqoba	bānqoba	abunqobanga	obunganqobanga	bunganqobanga
Class 15	kwānqoba	okwānqoba	kwānqoba	akunqobanga	okunganqobanga	kunganqobanga
Class 17	kwānqoba	okwānqoba	kwānqoba	akunqobanga	okunganqobanga	kunganqobanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	nginganqoba	—	nginganqoba	ngingenqobe	—	ngingenqobe
2nd singular	unganqoba	—	unganqoba	ungenqobe	—	ungenqobe
1st plural	singanqoba	—	singanqoba	singenqobe	—	singenqobe
2nd plural	ninganqoba	—	ninganqoba	ningenqobe	—	ningenqobe
Class 1	anganqoba	—	enganqoba	angenqobe	—	engenqobe
Class 2	banganqoba	—	benganqoba	bangenqobe	—	bengenqobe
Class 3	unganqoba	—	unganqoba	ungenqobe	—	ungenqobe
Class 4	inganqoba	—	inganqoba	ingenqobe	—	ingenqobe
Class 5	linganqoba	—	linganqoba	lingenqobe	—	lingenqobe
Class 6	anganqoba	—	enganqoba	angenqobe	—	engenqobe
Class 7	singanqoba	—	singanqoba	singenqobe	—	singenqobe
Class 8	zinganqoba	—	zinganqoba	zingenqobe	—	zingenqobe
Class 9	inganqoba	—	inganqoba	ingenqobe	—	ingenqobe
Class 10	zinganqoba	—	zinganqoba	zingenqobe	—	zingenqobe
Class 11	lunganqoba	—	lunganqoba	lungenqobe	—	lungenqobe
Class 14	bunganqoba	—	bunganqoba	bungenqobe	—	bungenqobe
Class 15	kunganqoba	—	kunganqoba	kungenqobe	—	kungenqobe
Class 17	kunganqoba	—	kunganqoba	kungenqobe	—	kungenqobe
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizonqoba	engizonqoba	ngizonqoba	angizunqoba	engingezunqoba	ngingezunqoba
2nd singular	uzonqoba	ozonqoba	uzonqoba	awuzunqoba	ongezunqoba	ungezunqoba
1st plural	sizonqoba	esizonqoba	sizonqoba	asizunqoba	esingezunqoba	singezunqoba
2nd plural	nizonqoba	enizonqoba	nizonqoba	anizunqoba	eningezunqoba	ningezunqoba
Class 1	uzonqoba	ozonqoba	ezonqoba	akazunqoba	ongezunqoba	engezunqoba
Class 2	bazonqoba	abazonqoba	bezonqoba	abazunqoba	abangezunqoba	bengezunqoba
Class 3	uzonqoba	ozonqoba	uzonqoba	awuzunqoba	ongezunqoba	ungezunqoba
Class 4	izonqoba	ezonqoba	izonqoba	ayizunqoba	engezunqoba	ingezunqoba
Class 5	lizonqoba	elizonqoba	lizonqoba	alizunqoba	elingezunqoba	lingezunqoba
Class 6	azonqoba	azonqoba	ezonqoba	awazunqoba	angezunqoba	engezunqoba
Class 7	sizonqoba	esizonqoba	sizonqoba	asizunqoba	esingezunqoba	singezunqoba
Class 8	zizonqoba	ezizonqoba	zizonqoba	azizunqoba	ezingezunqoba	zingezunqoba
Class 9	izonqoba	ezonqoba	izonqoba	ayizunqoba	engezunqoba	ingezunqoba
Class 10	zizonqoba	ezizonqoba	zizonqoba	azizunqoba	ezingezunqoba	zingezunqoba
Class 11	luzonqoba	oluzonqoba	luzonqoba	aluzunqoba	olungezunqoba	lungezunqoba
Class 14	buzonqoba	obuzonqoba	buzonqoba	abuzunqoba	obungezunqoba	bungezunqoba
Class 15	kuzonqoba	okuzonqoba	kuzonqoba	akuzunqoba	okungezunqoba	kungezunqoba
Class 17	kuzonqoba	okuzonqoba	kuzonqoba	akuzunqoba	okungezunqoba	kungezunqoba
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyonqoba	engiyonqoba	ngiyonqoba	angiyunqoba	engingeyunqoba	ngingeyunqoba
2nd singular	uyonqoba	oyonqoba	uyonqoba	awuyunqoba	ongeyunqoba	ungeyunqoba
1st plural	siyonqoba	esiyonqoba	siyonqoba	asiyunqoba	esingeyunqoba	singeyunqoba
2nd plural	niyonqoba	eniyonqoba	niyonqoba	aniyunqoba	eningeyunqoba	ningeyunqoba
Class 1	uyonqoba	oyonqoba	eyonqoba	akayunqoba	ongeyunqoba	engeyunqoba
Class 2	bayonqoba	abayonqoba	beyonqoba	abayunqoba	abangeyunqoba	bengeyunqoba
Class 3	uyonqoba	oyonqoba	uyonqoba	awuyunqoba	ongeyunqoba	ungeyunqoba
Class 4	iyonqoba	eyonqoba	iyonqoba	ayiyunqoba	engeyunqoba	ingeyunqoba
Class 5	liyonqoba	eliyonqoba	liyonqoba	aliyunqoba	elingeyunqoba	lingeyunqoba
Class 6	ayonqoba	ayonqoba	eyonqoba	awayunqoba	angeyunqoba	engeyunqoba
Class 7	siyonqoba	esiyonqoba	siyonqoba	asiyunqoba	esingeyunqoba	singeyunqoba
Class 8	ziyonqoba	eziyonqoba	ziyonqoba	aziyunqoba	ezingeyunqoba	zingeyunqoba
Class 9	iyonqoba	eyonqoba	iyonqoba	ayiyunqoba	engeyunqoba	ingeyunqoba
Class 10	ziyonqoba	eziyonqoba	ziyonqoba	aziyunqoba	ezingeyunqoba	zingeyunqoba
Class 11	luyonqoba	oluyonqoba	luyonqoba	aluyunqoba	olungeyunqoba	lungeyunqoba
Class 14	buyonqoba	obuyonqoba	buyonqoba	abuyunqoba	obungeyunqoba	bungeyunqoba
Class 15	kuyonqoba	okuyonqoba	kuyonqoba	akuyunqoba	okungeyunqoba	kungeyunqoba
Class 17	kuyonqoba	okuyonqoba	kuyonqoba	akuyunqoba	okungeyunqoba	kungeyunqoba
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	nginqobe	nginganqobi
2nd singular	unqobe	unganqobi
1st plural	sinqobe	singanqobi
2nd plural	ninqobe	ninganqobi
Class 1	anqobe	anganqobi
Class 2	banqobe	banganqobi
Class 3	unqobe	unganqobi
Class 4	inqobe	inganqobi
Class 5	linqobe	linganqobi
Class 6	anqobe	anganqobi
Class 7	sinqobe	singanqobi
Class 8	zinqobe	zinganqobi
Class 9	inqobe	inganqobi
Class 10	zinqobe	zinganqobi
Class 11	lunqobe	lunganqobi
Class 14	bunqobe	bunganqobi
Class 15	kunqobe	kunganqobi
Class 17	kunqobe	kunganqobi
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	nganqoba	nganganqoba, anganqoba, anganganqoba
2nd singular	wanqoba	wanganqoba, awanqoba, awanganqoba
1st plural	sanqoba	sanganqoba, asanqoba, asanganqoba
2nd plural	nanqoba	nanganqoba, ananqoba, ananganqoba
Class 1	wanqoba	wanganqoba, akanqoba, akanganqoba
Class 2	banqoba	banganqoba, abanqoba, abanganqoba
Class 3	wanqoba	wanganqoba, awanqoba, awanganqoba
Class 4	yanqoba	yanganqoba, ayanqoba, ayanganqoba
Class 5	lanqoba	langanqoba, alanqoba, alanganqoba
Class 6	anqoba	anganqoba, awanqoba, awanganqoba
Class 7	sanqoba	sanganqoba, asanqoba, asanganqoba
Class 8	zanqoba	zanganqoba, azanqoba, azanganqoba
Class 9	yanqoba	yanganqoba, ayanqoba, ayanganqoba
Class 10	zanqoba	zanganqoba, azanqoba, azanganqoba
Class 11	lwanqoba	lwanganqoba, alwanqoba, alwanganqoba
Class 14	banqoba	banganqoba, abanqoba, abanganqoba
Class 15	kwanqoba	kwanganqoba, akwanqoba, akwanganqoba
Class 17	kwanqoba	kwanganqoba, akwanqoba, akwanganqoba

References

• C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “nqoɓa”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “nqoɓa (3.9)”