njs

See also: NJS

Egyptian

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /nis/
  • Conventional anglicization: nis

Verb

 3-lit.

1. (intransitive, with n or r, or transitive) to call to or call upon [since the Pyramid Texts]
   • c. 1900 BCE, The Instructions of Kagemni (pPrisse/pBN 183) lines 2.3–2.4:

     rdj.jn ṯꜣt(j) njs.t(w) nꜣy.f n(j) ẖrdw m ḫt ꜥrq.f sḫr r(m)ṯw bj(ꜣ)t.sn m jjt ḥr.f

     So the vizier let his children be summoned after he understood the conduct of people, their character being what had come upon him.

Inflection

Conjugation of njs (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: njs, geminated stem: njss

infinitival forms imperative infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural njs njsw, njs njst njs njs ‘pseudoverbal’ forms stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2 njs ḥr njs m njs r njs suffix conjugation aspect / mood active passive contingent aspect / mood active passive perfect njs.n njsw, njs consecutive njs.jn active + .tj1, .tw2 active + .tj1, .tw2 terminative njst perfective3 njs active + .tj1, .tw2 obligative1 njs.ḫr active + .tj1, .tw2 imperfective njs active + .tj1, .tw2 prospective3 njs njss potentialis1 njs.kꜣ active + .tj1, .tw2 active + .tj1, .tw2 subjunctive njs active + .tj1, .tw2 verbal adjectives aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles active passive active passive perfect njs.n active + .tj1, .tw2 — — perfective njs active + .tj1, .tw2 njs njs, njsw5, njsy5 imperfective njs, njsy, njsw5 active + .tj1, .tw2 njs, njsj6, njsy6 njs, njsw5 prospective njs, njstj7 — njstj4, njst4 1 Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. 2 Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. 3 Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. 4 Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. 5 Only in the masculine singular. 6 Only in the masculine. 7 Only in the feminine.

References

• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 251, 394.