medru
Appearance
Welsh
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From medr (“ability, skill”) + -u.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (North Wales) IPA(key): /ˈmɛdrɨ̞/
- (South Wales) IPA(key): /ˈmɛdri/
- Rhymes: -ɛdrɨ̞
Verb
[edit]medru (first-person singular present medraf) (North Wales)
- to be able to, can
- to know how to, know, be familiar with
- King, Gareth (1993) Modern Welsh: A Comprehensive Grammar (Routledge Grammars), London and New York: Routledge, →ISBN, page 202:
- Mae’r ddynes ’na’n medru Cymraeg yn iawn.
- That woman knows Welsh well.
- King, Gareth (1993) Modern Welsh: A Comprehensive Grammar (Routledge Grammars), London and New York: Routledge, →ISBN, page 202:
Usage notes
[edit]- In the colloquial language, the preterite of this verb is almost never used; the past tense is rendered by means of the periphrastic imperfect, e.g. oedd o’n medru (“he could, he was able to”).
- In the colloquial language, the future tense of this verb has a present-tense meaning as well, so medra i means both ‘I can’ and ‘I will be able to’.
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation (literary)
singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
present indicative/future | medraf | medri | medr | medrwn | medrwch | medrant | medrir | |
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional |
medrwn | medrit | medrai | medrem | medrech | medrent | medrid | |
preterite | medrais | medraist | medrodd | medrasom | medrasoch | medrasant | medrwyd | |
pluperfect | medraswn | medrasit | medrasai | medrasem | medrasech | medrasent | medrasid, medresid | |
present subjunctive | medrwyf | medrych | medro | medrom | medroch | medront | medrer | |
imperative | — | medr | medred | medrwn | medrwch | medrent | medrer | |
verbal noun | medru | |||||||
verbal adjectives | medredig |
Conjugation (colloquial)
Inflected colloquial forms | singular | plural | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | |
future | medra i, medraf i | medri di | medr o/e/hi | medrwn ni | medrwch chi | medran nhw |
conditional | medrwn i, medswn i | medret ti, medset ti | medrai fo/fe/hi, medsai fo/fe/hi | medren ni, medsen ni | medrech chi, medsech chi | medren nhw, medsen nhw |
preterite | medrais i, medres i | medraist ti, medrest ti | medrodd o/e/hi | medron ni | medroch chi | medron nhw |
imperative | — | medra | — | — | medrwch | — |
Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh. |