mangala

See also: maṅgala and Maṅgala

Southern Ndebele

Verb

-mángala

to be surprised

Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Spanish

Verb

mangala

second-person singular voseo imperative of mangar combined with la

Swazi

Verb

-mángala

to be amazed, to be surprised

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Xhosa

Verb

-mángala

(intransitive) to be surprised

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

-mangala

(intransitive) to be amazed, to be astonished, to be surprised

Inflection

tone L (infinitive *ukumangala*)
imperative
	positive	negative
infinitive	ukumangala	ukungamangali

	simple	+ object concord
singular	mangala	-mangale
plural	mangalani	-mangaleni

present
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngiyamangala, ngimangala	engimangalayo, engimangala	ngimangala	angimangali	engingamangali	ngingamangali
2nd singular	uyamangala, umangala	omangalayo, omangala	umangala	awumangali	ongamangali	ungamangali
1st plural	siyamangala, simangala	esimangalayo, esimangala	simangala	asimangali	esingamangali	singamangali
2nd plural	niyamangala, nimangala	enimangalayo, enimangala	nimangala	animangali	eningamangali	ningamangali
class 1	uyamangala, umangala	omangalayo, omangala	emangala	akamangali	ongamangali	engamangali
class 2	bayamangala, bamangala	abamangalayo, abamangala	bemangala	abamangali	abangamangali	bengamangali
class 3	uyamangala, umangala	omangalayo, omangala	umangala	awumangali	ongamangali	ungamangali
class 4	iyamangala, imangala	emangalayo, emangala	imangala	ayimangali	engamangali	ingamangali
class 5	liyamangala, limangala	elimangalayo, elimangala	limangala	alimangali	elingamangali	lingamangali
class 6	ayamangala, amangala	amangalayo, amangala	emangala	awamangali	angamangali	engamangali
class 7	siyamangala, simangala	esimangalayo, esimangala	simangala	asimangali	esingamangali	singamangali
class 8	ziyamangala, zimangala	ezimangalayo, ezimangala	zimangala	azimangali	ezingamangali	zingamangali
class 9	iyamangala, imangala	emangalayo, emangala	imangala	ayimangali	engamangali	ingamangali
class 10	ziyamangala, zimangala	ezimangalayo, ezimangala	zimangala	azimangali	ezingamangali	zingamangali
class 11	luyamangala, lumangala	olumangalayo, olumangala	lumangala	alumangali	olungamangali	lungamangali
class 14	buyamangala, bumangala	obumangalayo, obumangala	bumangala	abumangali	obungamangali	bungamangali
class 15	kuyamangala, kumangala	okumangalayo, okumangala	kumangala	akumangali	okungamangali	kungamangali
class 17	kuyamangala, kumangala	okumangalayo, okumangala	kumangala	akumangali	okungamangali	kungamangali

recent past
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngimangalile, ngimangalē	engimangalile, engimangalē	ngimangalile, ngimangalē	angimangalanga	engingamangalanga	ngingamangalanga
2nd singular	umangalile, umangalē	omangalile, omangalē	umangalile, umangalē	awumangalanga	ongamangalanga	ungamangalanga
1st plural	simangalile, simangalē	esimangalile, esimangalē	simangalile, simangalē	asimangalanga	esingamangalanga	singamangalanga
2nd plural	nimangalile, nimangalē	enimangalile, enimangalē	nimangalile, nimangalē	animangalanga	eningamangalanga	ningamangalanga
class 1	umangalile, umangalē	omangalile, omangalē	emangalile, emangalē	akamangalanga	ongamangalanga	engamangalanga
class 2	bamangalile, bamangalē	abamangalile, abamangalē	bemangalile, bemangalē	abamangalanga	abangamangalanga	bengamangalanga
class 3	umangalile, umangalē	omangalile, omangalē	umangalile, umangalē	awumangalanga	ongamangalanga	ungamangalanga
class 4	imangalile, imangalē	emangalile, emangalē	imangalile, imangalē	ayimangalanga	engamangalanga	ingamangalanga
class 5	limangalile, limangalē	elimangalile, elimangalē	limangalile, limangalē	alimangalanga	elingamangalanga	lingamangalanga
class 6	amangalile, amangalē	amangalile, amangalē	emangalile, emangalē	awamangalanga	angamangalanga	engamangalanga
class 7	simangalile, simangalē	esimangalile, esimangalē	simangalile, simangalē	asimangalanga	esingamangalanga	singamangalanga
class 8	zimangalile, zimangalē	ezimangalile, ezimangalē	zimangalile, zimangalē	azimangalanga	ezingamangalanga	zingamangalanga
class 9	imangalile, imangalē	emangalile, emangalē	imangalile, imangalē	ayimangalanga	engamangalanga	ingamangalanga
class 10	zimangalile, zimangalē	ezimangalile, ezimangalē	zimangalile, zimangalē	azimangalanga	ezingamangalanga	zingamangalanga
class 11	lumangalile, lumangalē	olumangalile, olumangalē	lumangalile, lumangalē	alumangalanga	olungamangalanga	lungamangalanga
class 14	bumangalile, bumangalē	obumangalile, obumangalē	bumangalile, bumangalē	abumangalanga	obungamangalanga	bungamangalanga
class 15	kumangalile, kumangalē	okumangalile, okumangalē	kumangalile, kumangalē	akumangalanga	okungamangalanga	kungamangalanga
class 17	kumangalile, kumangalē	okumangalile, okumangalē	kumangalile, kumangalē	akumangalanga	okungamangalanga	kungamangalanga

remote past
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngāmangala	engāmangala	ngāmangala	angimangalanga	engingamangalanga	ngingamangalanga
2nd singular	wāmangala	owāmangala	wāmangala	awumangalanga	ongamangalanga	ungamangalanga
1st plural	sāmangala	esāmangala	sāmangala	asimangalanga	esingamangalanga	singamangalanga
2nd plural	nāmangala	enāmangala	nāmangala	animangalanga	eningamangalanga	ningamangalanga
class 1	wāmangala	owāmangala	āmangala	akamangalanga	ongamangalanga	engamangalanga
class 2	bāmangala	abāmangala	bāmangala	abamangalanga	abangamangalanga	bengamangalanga
class 3	wāmangala	owāmangala	wāmangala	awumangalanga	ongamangalanga	ungamangalanga
class 4	yāmangala	eyāmangala	yāmangala	ayimangalanga	engamangalanga	ingamangalanga
class 5	lāmangala	elāmangala	lāmangala	alimangalanga	elingamangalanga	lingamangalanga
class 6	āmangala	āmangala	āmangala	awamangalanga	angamangalanga	engamangalanga
class 7	sāmangala	esāmangala	sāmangala	asimangalanga	esingamangalanga	singamangalanga
class 8	zāmangala	ezāmangala	zāmangala	azimangalanga	ezingamangalanga	zingamangalanga
class 9	yāmangala	eyāmangala	yāmangala	ayimangalanga	engamangalanga	ingamangalanga
class 10	zāmangala	ezāmangala	zāmangala	azimangalanga	ezingamangalanga	zingamangalanga
class 11	lwāmangala	olwāmangala	lwāmangala	alumangalanga	olungamangalanga	lungamangalanga
class 14	bāmangala	obāmangala	bāmangala	abumangalanga	obungamangalanga	bungamangalanga
class 15	kwāmangala	okwāmangala	kwāmangala	akumangalanga	okungamangalanga	kungamangalanga
class 17	kwāmangala	okwāmangala	kwāmangala	akumangalanga	okungamangalanga	kungamangalanga

potential
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngingamangala	—	ngingamangala	ngingemangale	—	ngingemangale
2nd singular	ungamangala	—	ungamangala	ungemangale	—	ungemangale
1st plural	singamangala	—	singamangala	singemangale	—	singemangale
2nd plural	ningamangala	—	ningamangala	ningemangale	—	ningemangale
class 1	angamangala	—	engamangala	angemangale	—	engemangale
class 2	bangamangala	—	bengamangala	bangemangale	—	bengemangale
class 3	ungamangala	—	ungamangala	ungemangale	—	ungemangale
class 4	ingamangala	—	ingamangala	ingemangale	—	ingemangale
class 5	lingamangala	—	lingamangala	lingemangale	—	lingemangale
class 6	angamangala	—	engamangala	angemangale	—	engemangale
class 7	singamangala	—	singamangala	singemangale	—	singemangale
class 8	zingamangala	—	zingamangala	zingemangale	—	zingemangale
class 9	ingamangala	—	ingamangala	ingemangale	—	ingemangale
class 10	zingamangala	—	zingamangala	zingemangale	—	zingemangale
class 11	lungamangala	—	lungamangala	lungemangale	—	lungemangale
class 14	bungamangala	—	bungamangala	bungemangale	—	bungemangale
class 15	kungamangala	—	kungamangala	kungemangale	—	kungemangale
class 17	kungamangala	—	kungamangala	kungemangale	—	kungemangale

immediate future
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngizomangala	engizomangala	ngizomangala	angizumangala	engingezumangala	ngingezumangala
2nd singular	uzomangala	ozomangala	uzomangala	awuzumangala	ongezumangala	ungezumangala
1st plural	sizomangala	esizomangala	sizomangala	asizumangala	esingezumangala	singezumangala
2nd plural	nizomangala	enizomangala	nizomangala	anizumangala	eningezumangala	ningezumangala
class 1	uzomangala	ozomangala	ezomangala	akazumangala	ongezumangala	engezumangala
class 2	bazomangala	abazomangala	bezomangala	abazumangala	abangezumangala	bengezumangala
class 3	uzomangala	ozomangala	uzomangala	awuzumangala	ongezumangala	ungezumangala
class 4	izomangala	ezomangala	izomangala	ayizumangala	engezumangala	ingezumangala
class 5	lizomangala	elizomangala	lizomangala	alizumangala	elingezumangala	lingezumangala
class 6	azomangala	azomangala	ezomangala	awazumangala	angezumangala	engezumangala
class 7	sizomangala	esizomangala	sizomangala	asizumangala	esingezumangala	singezumangala
class 8	zizomangala	ezizomangala	zizomangala	azizumangala	ezingezumangala	zingezumangala
class 9	izomangala	ezomangala	izomangala	ayizumangala	engezumangala	ingezumangala
class 10	zizomangala	ezizomangala	zizomangala	azizumangala	ezingezumangala	zingezumangala
class 11	luzomangala	oluzomangala	luzomangala	aluzumangala	olungezumangala	lungezumangala
class 14	buzomangala	obuzomangala	buzomangala	abuzumangala	obungezumangala	bungezumangala
class 15	kuzomangala	okuzomangala	kuzomangala	akuzumangala	okungezumangala	kungezumangala
class 17	kuzomangala	okuzomangala	kuzomangala	akuzumangala	okungezumangala	kungezumangala

remote future
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngiyomangala	engiyomangala	ngiyomangala	angiyumangala	engingeyumangala	ngingeyumangala
2nd singular	uyomangala	oyomangala	uyomangala	awuyumangala	ongeyumangala	ungeyumangala
1st plural	siyomangala	esiyomangala	siyomangala	asiyumangala	esingeyumangala	singeyumangala
2nd plural	niyomangala	eniyomangala	niyomangala	aniyumangala	eningeyumangala	ningeyumangala
class 1	uyomangala	oyomangala	eyomangala	akayumangala	ongeyumangala	engeyumangala
class 2	bayomangala	abayomangala	beyomangala	abayumangala	abangeyumangala	bengeyumangala
class 3	uyomangala	oyomangala	uyomangala	awuyumangala	ongeyumangala	ungeyumangala
class 4	iyomangala	eyomangala	iyomangala	ayiyumangala	engeyumangala	ingeyumangala
class 5	liyomangala	eliyomangala	liyomangala	aliyumangala	elingeyumangala	lingeyumangala
class 6	ayomangala	ayomangala	eyomangala	awayumangala	angeyumangala	engeyumangala
class 7	siyomangala	esiyomangala	siyomangala	asiyumangala	esingeyumangala	singeyumangala
class 8	ziyomangala	eziyomangala	ziyomangala	aziyumangala	ezingeyumangala	zingeyumangala
class 9	iyomangala	eyomangala	iyomangala	ayiyumangala	engeyumangala	ingeyumangala
class 10	ziyomangala	eziyomangala	ziyomangala	aziyumangala	ezingeyumangala	zingeyumangala
class 11	luyomangala	oluyomangala	luyomangala	aluyumangala	olungeyumangala	lungeyumangala
class 14	buyomangala	obuyomangala	buyomangala	abuyumangala	obungeyumangala	bungeyumangala
class 15	kuyomangala	okuyomangala	kuyomangala	akuyumangala	okungeyumangala	kungeyumangala
class 17	kuyomangala	okuyomangala	kuyomangala	akuyumangala	okungeyumangala	kungeyumangala

present subjunctive
	positive	negative
1st singular	ngimangale	ngingamangali
2nd singular	umangale	ungamangali
1st plural	simangale	singamangali
2nd plural	nimangale	ningamangali
class 1	amangale	angamangali
class 2	bamangale	bangamangali
class 3	umangale	ungamangali
class 4	imangale	ingamangali
class 5	limangale	lingamangali
class 6	amangale	angamangali
class 7	simangale	singamangali
class 8	zimangale	zingamangali
class 9	imangale	ingamangali
class 10	zimangale	zingamangali
class 11	lumangale	lungamangali
class 14	bumangale	bungamangali
class 15	kumangale	kungamangali
class 17	kumangale	kungamangali

past subjunctive
	positive	negative
1st singular	ngamangala	ngangamangala, angamangala, angangamangala
2nd singular	wamangala	wangamangala, awamangala, awangamangala
1st plural	samangala	sangamangala, asamangala, asangamangala
2nd plural	namangala	nangamangala, anamangala, anangamangala
class 1	wamangala	wangamangala, akamangala, akangamangala
class 2	bamangala	bangamangala, abamangala, abangamangala
class 3	wamangala	wangamangala, awamangala, awangamangala
class 4	yamangala	yangamangala, ayamangala, ayangamangala
class 5	lamangala	langamangala, alamangala, alangamangala
class 6	amangala	angamangala, awamangala, awangamangala
class 7	samangala	sangamangala, asamangala, asangamangala
class 8	zamangala	zangamangala, azamangala, azangamangala
class 9	yamangala	yangamangala, ayamangala, ayangamangala
class 10	zamangala	zangamangala, azamangala, azangamangala
class 11	lwamangala	lwangamangala, alwamangala, alwangamangala
class 14	bamangala	bangamangala, abamangala, abangamangala
class 15	kwamangala	kwangamangala, akwamangala, akwangamangala
class 17	kwamangala	kwangamangala, akwamangala, akwangamangala

References

C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “mangala”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “mangala (3.2.9)”