mũthamaki
Kikuyu
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From gũthamaka (“to jurisdicate”).[1]
This term dates back to the late 19th century at least, where von Höhnel (1894) referred to the term as Samaki,[2] which was later translated into English as chief.[3]
Hinde (1904) records muthamakki and muthamaki as equivalents of English captain and chief respectively in “Jogowini dialect” of Kikuyu.[4]
Pronunciation
[edit]- As for Tonal Class, Benson (1964) classifies this term into Class 3 with a trisyllabic stem, together with kĩgokora, mbarĩki, thimiti, and so on.
- (Kiambu) Yukawa (1981, 1985) classifies this term into a group including gĩcũhĩ, mũgogo (pl. mĩgogo), mũberethi, thabina, njogoo, Mũthũngũ, mũthanga, rĩithori (pl.maithori), mũcemanio, kĩgokora, kĩroruha, ndagitari, and so on.[5][6]
Noun
[edit]mũthamaki class 1 (plural athamaki)
- an individual with influence,[1][7] who played the role of spokesman and primus inter pares in Kikuyu society before the colonial period,[8][7] strictly controlled by his peers (Muriuki 1974:132)[7]
- ruler;[1] king or queen[1]
Derived terms
[edit](Phrases)
(Proverbs)
Related terms
[edit](Nouns)
- ũthamaki class 14
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 “mũthamaki” in Benson, T.G. (1964). Kikuyu-English dictionary, p. 490. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
- ^ Leakey, L. S. B. (1977). The Southern Kikuyu before 1903, v. III, p. 993. →ISBN
- ^ von Höhnel, Ludwig (1894). Discovery of Lakes Rudolph and Stefanie: a narrative of Count Samuel Teleki's exploring and hunting expedition in Eastern Equatorial Africa in 1887 & 1888 / by his companion Lieut. Ludwig von Höhnel, Translated by N. Bell (N. d'Anvers), vol. 1, p. 359. London.
- ^ Hinde, Hildegarde (1904). Vocabularies of the Kamba and Kikuyu languages of East Africa, pp. 12–13. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- ^ Yukawa, Yasutoshi (1981). "A Tentative Tonal Analysis of Kikuyu Nouns: A Study of Limuru Dialect." In Journal of Asian and African Studies, No. 22, 75–123.
- ^ Yukawa, Yasutoshi (1985). "A Second Tentative Tonal Analysis of Kikuyu Nouns." In Journal of Asian and African Studies, No. 29, 190–231.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Mugu, Muturi Anthony (2014). Antonymy in Gĩkũyũ: a cognitive semantics approach, p. 44.
- ^ Karanja, James (2015). The Missionary Movement in Colonial Kenya: The foundation of Africa Inland Church, p. 26. Göttingen: Cuvillier Verlag. →ISBN
Further reading
[edit]- Muriuki, Godfrey (1974). A History of the Kikuyu, 1500-1900. Nairobi: Oxford University Press. →ISBN