lukkõa
Votic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *lukëdak.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]lukkõa
- (transitive) to read
- (transitive) to recite
- (transitive) to cast, recite (a spell)
- (transitive) to count
Inflection
[edit]| Conjugation of lukkõa (type III-3/anta, k-g gradation, gemination) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative | |||||
| Present | Perfect | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | lugõn | en lugõ | 1st singular | õõn lukõnnu | en õõ lukõnnu |
| 2nd singular | lugõd | ed lugõ | 2nd singular | õõd lukõnnu | ed õõ lukõnnu |
| 3rd singular | lugõb | eb lugõ | 3rd singular | on lukõnnu | eb õõ lukõnnu |
| 1st plural | lugõmmõ | emmä lugõ | 1st plural | õõmmõ lukõnnu | emmä õõ lukõnnu |
| 2nd plural | lugõttõ | että lugõ | 2nd plural | õõttõ lukõnnu | että õõ lukõnnu |
| 3rd plural | lugõta | eväd lugõ | 3rd plural | õlla lugõttu | eväd õõ lugõttu |
| impersonal | lugõta | eväd lugõ | impersonal | õlla lugõttu | eväd õõ lugõttu |
| Imperfect | Pluperfect | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | lugin | en lukõnnu | 1st singular | õlin lukõnnu | — |
| 2nd singular | lugid | ed lukõnnu | 2nd singular | õlid lukõnnu | — |
| 3rd singular | luki | eb lukõnnu | 3rd singular | õli lukõnnu | — |
| 1st plural | lugimmõ | emmä lukõnnu | 1st plural | õlimmõ lukõnnu | — |
| 2nd plural | lugittõ | että lukõnnu | 2nd plural | õlittõ lukõnnu | — |
| 3rd plural | lugõtti | eväd lugõttu | 3rd plural | õlti lugõttu | — |
| impersonal | lugõtti | eväd lugõttu | impersonal | õlti lugõttu | — |
| Conditional | |||||
| Present | Perfect | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | lukõizin | en lukõizʹ | 1st singular | õllõizin lukõnnu | en õllõizʹ lukõnnu |
| 2nd singular | lukõizid | ed lukõizʹ | 2nd singular | õllõizid lukõnnu | ed õllõizʹ lukõnnu |
| 3rd singular | lukõizʹ | eb lukõizʹ | 3rd singular | õllõizʹ lukõnnu | eb õllõizʹ lukõnnu |
| 1st plural | lukõizimmõ | emmä lukõizʹ | 1st plural | õllõizimmõ lukõnnu | emmä õllõizʹ lukõnnu |
| 2nd plural | lukõizittõ | että lukõizʹ | 2nd plural | õllõizittõ lukõnnu | että õllõizʹ lukõnnu |
| 3rd plural | lugõttaizʹ | eväd lugõttaizʹ | 3rd plural | õltaizʹ lugõttu | eväd õltaizʹ lugõttu |
| impersonal | lugõttaizʹ | eväd lugõttaizʹ | impersonal | õltaizʹ lugõttu | eväd õltaizʹ lugõttu |
| Imperative | |||||
| Present | |||||
| positive | negative | ||||
| 1st singular | — | — | |||
| 2nd singular | lugõ | elä lugõ | |||
| 3rd singular | lukõgo1) | elko lukõgo1) | |||
| 1st plural | — | — | |||
| 2nd plural | lukõga | elka lukõga | |||
| 3rd plural | lukõgod1) | — | |||
| impersonal | — | — | |||
| Nominal forms | |||||
| Infinitives | Participles | ||||
| active | passive | ||||
| 1st | lukkõa | present | lukõjõ2) | — | |
| 2nd | illative | lukõma | past | lukõnnu | lugõttu |
| inessive | lukõmõz | 1) using la is more common 2) also used as the agent noun | |||
| elative | lukõmõssõ | ||||
| abessive | lukõmõttõ | ||||
References
[edit]- Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn