kirves
Appearance
See also: Kirves
Estonian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *kirves.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]kirves (genitive kirve, partitive kirvest)
- axe (a tool with a handle for cutting, hewing, breaking wood or other work)
Declension
[edit]Declension of kirves (ÕS type 7/kallas, length gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | ||
nominative | kirves | kirved | |
accusative | nom. | ||
gen. | kirve | ||
genitive | kirveste | ||
partitive | kirvest | kirveid | |
illative | kirvesse | kirvestesse kirveisse | |
inessive | kirves | kirvestes kirveis | |
elative | kirvest | kirvestest kirveist | |
allative | kirvele | kirvestele kirveile | |
adessive | kirvel | kirvestel kirveil | |
ablative | kirvelt | kirvestelt kirveilt | |
translative | kirveks | kirvesteks kirveiks | |
terminative | kirveni | kirvesteni | |
essive | kirvena | kirvestena | |
abessive | kirveta | kirvesteta | |
comitative | kirvega | kirvestega |
References
[edit]- kirves in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)
- “kirves”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009
Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *kirves, borrowed from Proto-Baltic [Term?] (compare Latvian cirvis, Lithuanian kirvis).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]kirves
- axe (tool)
- axe (weapon, short for sotakirves or taistelukirves)
Declension
[edit]Inflection of kirves (Kotus type 41/vieras, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | kirves | kirveet | |
genitive | kirveen | kirveiden kirveitten | |
partitive | kirvestä | kirveitä | |
illative | kirveeseen | kirveisiin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | kirves | kirveet | |
accusative | nom. | kirves | kirveet |
gen. | kirveen | ||
genitive | kirveen | kirveiden kirveitten kirvesten rare | |
partitive | kirvestä | kirveitä | |
inessive | kirveessä | kirveissä | |
elative | kirveestä | kirveistä | |
illative | kirveeseen | kirveisiin kirveihin rare | |
adessive | kirveellä | kirveillä | |
ablative | kirveeltä | kirveiltä | |
allative | kirveelle | kirveille | |
essive | kirveenä | kirveinä | |
translative | kirveeksi | kirveiksi | |
abessive | kirveettä | kirveittä | |
instructive | — | kirvein | |
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Derived terms
[edit]compounds
- hakokirves
- halkaisukirves
- halkomakirves
- havukirves
- heittokirves
- kalakirves
- kirveenhamara
- kirveenisku
- kirveenkanta
- kirveenterä
- kirveenvarsi
- kirvesahven
- kirveshamara
- kirveslinja
- kirvesmestaus
- kirvesmies
- Kirvesmäki
- Kirvesniemi
- Kirvesoja
- kirvespohja
- kirvesrinta
- kirvestyö
- kirvesvarsi
- kivikirves
- kourukirves
- koverokirves
- kuppauskirves
- käsikirves
- leimakirves
- lihakirves
- mestauskirves
- metallikirves
- mottikirves
- oikokirves
- olkakirves
- palokirves
- piilukirves
- pilkkakirves
- poikkikirves
- pronssikirves
- putkikirves
- reikäkirves
- retkikirves
- silmäkirves
- sotakirves
- suurkirves
- taistelukirves
- tappikirves
- vasarakirves
- veistokirves
Further reading
[edit]- “kirves”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
Ingrian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈkirʋes/, [ˈkirʋe̞z̠]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈkirʋes/, [ˈkirʋe̞ʒ̥]
- Rhymes: -irʋes
- Hyphenation: kir‧ves
Noun
[edit]kirves
- Alternative form of kerves (“axe”)
- 1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus, Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 60:
- Vinkuu saha, kirves särköö.
- The saw squeals, the axe splinters.
Declension
[edit]Declension of kirves (type 2/patsas, no gradation) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | kirves | kirveet |
genitive | kirveen | kirvein |
partitive | kirvestä, kirvest | kirveitä, kirvejä |
illative | kirveesse | kirveisse |
inessive | kirvees | kirveis |
elative | kirveest | kirveist |
allative | kirveelle | kirveille |
adessive | kirveel | kirveil |
ablative | kirveelt | kirveilt |
translative | kirveeks | kirveiks |
essive | kirveennä, kirveen | kirveinnä, kirvein |
exessive1) | kirveent | kirveint |
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. |
References
[edit]- Fedor Tumansky (1790) “кирвисъ”, in Опытъ повѣствованїя о дѣянїях, положенїи, состоянїи и раздѣленїи Санкт-Петербургской губернїи [An experiment of an account of the acts, location, condition and division of the Saint Petersburg gubernia], Краткїй словарь ижерскаго, финскаго, эстонскаго, чюдскаго, и ямскаго нарѣчїя съ россїйскимъ переводомъ [A short dictionary of the Ingrian, Finnish, Estonian, Chud and Yamtian dialects with a Russian translation], page 691
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 158
Karelian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *kirves, from a Baltic language, compare Lithuanian kirvis.
Noun
[edit]Categories:
- Estonian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Estonian terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Estonian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Estonian/irves
- Rhymes:Estonian/irves/2 syllables
- Estonian lemmas
- Estonian nouns
- Estonian kallas-type nominals
- et:Tools
- et:Weapons
- Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Baltic
- Finnish 2-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/irʋes
- Rhymes:Finnish/irʋes/2 syllables
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish nouns
- Finnish vieras-type nominals
- fi:Tools
- fi:Weapons
- Ingrian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Ingrian/irʋes
- Rhymes:Ingrian/irʋes/2 syllables
- Ingrian lemmas
- Ingrian nouns
- Ingrian terms with quotations
- Karelian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Karelian terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Karelian terms derived from Baltic languages
- Karelian lemmas
- Karelian nouns