khulula

Northern Ndebele

Verb

-khúlúla

to set free

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Xhosa

Verb

-khúlúla

(transitive) to unbind

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Verb

-khulúla

(transitive) to free, to release, to set free
(transitive) to exempt
(transitive) to loosen, to unfix, to unloose, to untie
(transitive) to outspan, to unharness

Inflection

tone H (infinitive *ukukhulula*)
imperative
	positive	negative
infinitive	ukukhulula	ukungakhululi

	simple	+ object concord
singular	khulula	-khulule
plural	khululani	-khululeni

present
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngiyakhulula, ngikhulula	engikhululayo, engikhulula	ngikhulula	angikhululi	engingakhululi	ngingakhululi
2nd singular	uyakhulula, ukhulula	okhululayo, okhulula	ukhulula	awukhululi	ongakhululi	ungakhululi
1st plural	siyakhulula, sikhulula	esikhululayo, esikhulula	sikhulula	asikhululi	esingakhululi	singakhululi
2nd plural	niyakhulula, nikhulula	enikhululayo, enikhulula	nikhulula	anikhululi	eningakhululi	ningakhululi
class 1	uyakhulula, ukhulula	okhululayo, okhulula	ekhulula	akakhululi	ongakhululi	engakhululi
class 2	bayakhulula, bakhulula	abakhululayo, abakhulula	bekhulula	abakhululi	abangakhululi	bengakhululi
class 3	uyakhulula, ukhulula	okhululayo, okhulula	ukhulula	awukhululi	ongakhululi	ungakhululi
class 4	iyakhulula, ikhulula	ekhululayo, ekhulula	ikhulula	ayikhululi	engakhululi	ingakhululi
class 5	liyakhulula, likhulula	elikhululayo, elikhulula	likhulula	alikhululi	elingakhululi	lingakhululi
class 6	ayakhulula, akhulula	akhululayo, akhulula	ekhulula	awakhululi	angakhululi	engakhululi
class 7	siyakhulula, sikhulula	esikhululayo, esikhulula	sikhulula	asikhululi	esingakhululi	singakhululi
class 8	ziyakhulula, zikhulula	ezikhululayo, ezikhulula	zikhulula	azikhululi	ezingakhululi	zingakhululi
class 9	iyakhulula, ikhulula	ekhululayo, ekhulula	ikhulula	ayikhululi	engakhululi	ingakhululi
class 10	ziyakhulula, zikhulula	ezikhululayo, ezikhulula	zikhulula	azikhululi	ezingakhululi	zingakhululi
class 11	luyakhulula, lukhulula	olukhululayo, olukhulula	lukhulula	alukhululi	olungakhululi	lungakhululi
class 14	buyakhulula, bukhulula	obukhululayo, obukhulula	bukhulula	abukhululi	obungakhululi	bungakhululi
class 15	kuyakhulula, kukhulula	okukhululayo, okukhulula	kukhulula	akukhululi	okungakhululi	kungakhululi
class 17	kuyakhulula, kukhulula	okukhululayo, okukhulula	kukhulula	akukhululi	okungakhululi	kungakhululi

recent past
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngikhululile, ngikhululē	engikhululile, engikhululē	ngikhululile, ngikhululē	angikhululanga	engingakhululanga	ngingakhululanga
2nd singular	ukhululile, ukhululē	okhululile, okhululē	ukhululile, ukhululē	awukhululanga	ongakhululanga	ungakhululanga
1st plural	sikhululile, sikhululē	esikhululile, esikhululē	sikhululile, sikhululē	asikhululanga	esingakhululanga	singakhululanga
2nd plural	nikhululile, nikhululē	enikhululile, enikhululē	nikhululile, nikhululē	anikhululanga	eningakhululanga	ningakhululanga
class 1	ukhululile, ukhululē	okhululile, okhululē	ekhululile, ekhululē	akakhululanga	ongakhululanga	engakhululanga
class 2	bakhululile, bakhululē	abakhululile, abakhululē	bekhululile, bekhululē	abakhululanga	abangakhululanga	bengakhululanga
class 3	ukhululile, ukhululē	okhululile, okhululē	ukhululile, ukhululē	awukhululanga	ongakhululanga	ungakhululanga
class 4	ikhululile, ikhululē	ekhululile, ekhululē	ikhululile, ikhululē	ayikhululanga	engakhululanga	ingakhululanga
class 5	likhululile, likhululē	elikhululile, elikhululē	likhululile, likhululē	alikhululanga	elingakhululanga	lingakhululanga
class 6	akhululile, akhululē	akhululile, akhululē	ekhululile, ekhululē	awakhululanga	angakhululanga	engakhululanga
class 7	sikhululile, sikhululē	esikhululile, esikhululē	sikhululile, sikhululē	asikhululanga	esingakhululanga	singakhululanga
class 8	zikhululile, zikhululē	ezikhululile, ezikhululē	zikhululile, zikhululē	azikhululanga	ezingakhululanga	zingakhululanga
class 9	ikhululile, ikhululē	ekhululile, ekhululē	ikhululile, ikhululē	ayikhululanga	engakhululanga	ingakhululanga
class 10	zikhululile, zikhululē	ezikhululile, ezikhululē	zikhululile, zikhululē	azikhululanga	ezingakhululanga	zingakhululanga
class 11	lukhululile, lukhululē	olukhululile, olukhululē	lukhululile, lukhululē	alukhululanga	olungakhululanga	lungakhululanga
class 14	bukhululile, bukhululē	obukhululile, obukhululē	bukhululile, bukhululē	abukhululanga	obungakhululanga	bungakhululanga
class 15	kukhululile, kukhululē	okukhululile, okukhululē	kukhululile, kukhululē	akukhululanga	okungakhululanga	kungakhululanga
class 17	kukhululile, kukhululē	okukhululile, okukhululē	kukhululile, kukhululē	akukhululanga	okungakhululanga	kungakhululanga

remote past
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngākhulula	engākhulula	ngākhulula	angikhululanga	engingakhululanga	ngingakhululanga
2nd singular	wākhulula	owākhulula	wākhulula	awukhululanga	ongakhululanga	ungakhululanga
1st plural	sākhulula	esākhulula	sākhulula	asikhululanga	esingakhululanga	singakhululanga
2nd plural	nākhulula	enākhulula	nākhulula	anikhululanga	eningakhululanga	ningakhululanga
class 1	wākhulula	owākhulula	ākhulula	akakhululanga	ongakhululanga	engakhululanga
class 2	bākhulula	abākhulula	bākhulula	abakhululanga	abangakhululanga	bengakhululanga
class 3	wākhulula	owākhulula	wākhulula	awukhululanga	ongakhululanga	ungakhululanga
class 4	yākhulula	eyākhulula	yākhulula	ayikhululanga	engakhululanga	ingakhululanga
class 5	lākhulula	elākhulula	lākhulula	alikhululanga	elingakhululanga	lingakhululanga
class 6	ākhulula	ākhulula	ākhulula	awakhululanga	angakhululanga	engakhululanga
class 7	sākhulula	esākhulula	sākhulula	asikhululanga	esingakhululanga	singakhululanga
class 8	zākhulula	ezākhulula	zākhulula	azikhululanga	ezingakhululanga	zingakhululanga
class 9	yākhulula	eyākhulula	yākhulula	ayikhululanga	engakhululanga	ingakhululanga
class 10	zākhulula	ezākhulula	zākhulula	azikhululanga	ezingakhululanga	zingakhululanga
class 11	lwākhulula	olwākhulula	lwākhulula	alukhululanga	olungakhululanga	lungakhululanga
class 14	bākhulula	obākhulula	bākhulula	abukhululanga	obungakhululanga	bungakhululanga
class 15	kwākhulula	okwākhulula	kwākhulula	akukhululanga	okungakhululanga	kungakhululanga
class 17	kwākhulula	okwākhulula	kwākhulula	akukhululanga	okungakhululanga	kungakhululanga

potential
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngingakhulula	—	ngingakhulula	ngingekhulule	—	ngingekhulule
2nd singular	ungakhulula	—	ungakhulula	ungekhulule	—	ungekhulule
1st plural	singakhulula	—	singakhulula	singekhulule	—	singekhulule
2nd plural	ningakhulula	—	ningakhulula	ningekhulule	—	ningekhulule
class 1	angakhulula	—	engakhulula	angekhulule	—	engekhulule
class 2	bangakhulula	—	bengakhulula	bangekhulule	—	bengekhulule
class 3	ungakhulula	—	ungakhulula	ungekhulule	—	ungekhulule
class 4	ingakhulula	—	ingakhulula	ingekhulule	—	ingekhulule
class 5	lingakhulula	—	lingakhulula	lingekhulule	—	lingekhulule
class 6	angakhulula	—	engakhulula	angekhulule	—	engekhulule
class 7	singakhulula	—	singakhulula	singekhulule	—	singekhulule
class 8	zingakhulula	—	zingakhulula	zingekhulule	—	zingekhulule
class 9	ingakhulula	—	ingakhulula	ingekhulule	—	ingekhulule
class 10	zingakhulula	—	zingakhulula	zingekhulule	—	zingekhulule
class 11	lungakhulula	—	lungakhulula	lungekhulule	—	lungekhulule
class 14	bungakhulula	—	bungakhulula	bungekhulule	—	bungekhulule
class 15	kungakhulula	—	kungakhulula	kungekhulule	—	kungekhulule
class 17	kungakhulula	—	kungakhulula	kungekhulule	—	kungekhulule

immediate future
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngizokhulula	engizokhulula	ngizokhulula	angizukhulula	engingezukhulula	ngingezukhulula
2nd singular	uzokhulula	ozokhulula	uzokhulula	awuzukhulula	ongezukhulula	ungezukhulula
1st plural	sizokhulula	esizokhulula	sizokhulula	asizukhulula	esingezukhulula	singezukhulula
2nd plural	nizokhulula	enizokhulula	nizokhulula	anizukhulula	eningezukhulula	ningezukhulula
class 1	uzokhulula	ozokhulula	ezokhulula	akazukhulula	ongezukhulula	engezukhulula
class 2	bazokhulula	abazokhulula	bezokhulula	abazukhulula	abangezukhulula	bengezukhulula
class 3	uzokhulula	ozokhulula	uzokhulula	awuzukhulula	ongezukhulula	ungezukhulula
class 4	izokhulula	ezokhulula	izokhulula	ayizukhulula	engezukhulula	ingezukhulula
class 5	lizokhulula	elizokhulula	lizokhulula	alizukhulula	elingezukhulula	lingezukhulula
class 6	azokhulula	azokhulula	ezokhulula	awazukhulula	angezukhulula	engezukhulula
class 7	sizokhulula	esizokhulula	sizokhulula	asizukhulula	esingezukhulula	singezukhulula
class 8	zizokhulula	ezizokhulula	zizokhulula	azizukhulula	ezingezukhulula	zingezukhulula
class 9	izokhulula	ezokhulula	izokhulula	ayizukhulula	engezukhulula	ingezukhulula
class 10	zizokhulula	ezizokhulula	zizokhulula	azizukhulula	ezingezukhulula	zingezukhulula
class 11	luzokhulula	oluzokhulula	luzokhulula	aluzukhulula	olungezukhulula	lungezukhulula
class 14	buzokhulula	obuzokhulula	buzokhulula	abuzukhulula	obungezukhulula	bungezukhulula
class 15	kuzokhulula	okuzokhulula	kuzokhulula	akuzukhulula	okungezukhulula	kungezukhulula
class 17	kuzokhulula	okuzokhulula	kuzokhulula	akuzukhulula	okungezukhulula	kungezukhulula

remote future
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngiyokhulula	engiyokhulula	ngiyokhulula	angiyukhulula	engingeyukhulula	ngingeyukhulula
2nd singular	uyokhulula	oyokhulula	uyokhulula	awuyukhulula	ongeyukhulula	ungeyukhulula
1st plural	siyokhulula	esiyokhulula	siyokhulula	asiyukhulula	esingeyukhulula	singeyukhulula
2nd plural	niyokhulula	eniyokhulula	niyokhulula	aniyukhulula	eningeyukhulula	ningeyukhulula
class 1	uyokhulula	oyokhulula	eyokhulula	akayukhulula	ongeyukhulula	engeyukhulula
class 2	bayokhulula	abayokhulula	beyokhulula	abayukhulula	abangeyukhulula	bengeyukhulula
class 3	uyokhulula	oyokhulula	uyokhulula	awuyukhulula	ongeyukhulula	ungeyukhulula
class 4	iyokhulula	eyokhulula	iyokhulula	ayiyukhulula	engeyukhulula	ingeyukhulula
class 5	liyokhulula	eliyokhulula	liyokhulula	aliyukhulula	elingeyukhulula	lingeyukhulula
class 6	ayokhulula	ayokhulula	eyokhulula	awayukhulula	angeyukhulula	engeyukhulula
class 7	siyokhulula	esiyokhulula	siyokhulula	asiyukhulula	esingeyukhulula	singeyukhulula
class 8	ziyokhulula	eziyokhulula	ziyokhulula	aziyukhulula	ezingeyukhulula	zingeyukhulula
class 9	iyokhulula	eyokhulula	iyokhulula	ayiyukhulula	engeyukhulula	ingeyukhulula
class 10	ziyokhulula	eziyokhulula	ziyokhulula	aziyukhulula	ezingeyukhulula	zingeyukhulula
class 11	luyokhulula	oluyokhulula	luyokhulula	aluyukhulula	olungeyukhulula	lungeyukhulula
class 14	buyokhulula	obuyokhulula	buyokhulula	abuyukhulula	obungeyukhulula	bungeyukhulula
class 15	kuyokhulula	okuyokhulula	kuyokhulula	akuyukhulula	okungeyukhulula	kungeyukhulula
class 17	kuyokhulula	okuyokhulula	kuyokhulula	akuyukhulula	okungeyukhulula	kungeyukhulula

present subjunctive
	positive	negative
1st singular	ngikhulule	ngingakhululi
2nd singular	ukhulule	ungakhululi
1st plural	sikhulule	singakhululi
2nd plural	nikhulule	ningakhululi
class 1	akhulule	angakhululi
class 2	bakhulule	bangakhululi
class 3	ukhulule	ungakhululi
class 4	ikhulule	ingakhululi
class 5	likhulule	lingakhululi
class 6	akhulule	angakhululi
class 7	sikhulule	singakhululi
class 8	zikhulule	zingakhululi
class 9	ikhulule	ingakhululi
class 10	zikhulule	zingakhululi
class 11	lukhulule	lungakhululi
class 14	bukhulule	bungakhululi
class 15	kukhulule	kungakhululi
class 17	kukhulule	kungakhululi

past subjunctive
	positive	negative
1st singular	ngakhulula	ngangakhulula, angakhulula, angangakhulula
2nd singular	wakhulula	wangakhulula, awakhulula, awangakhulula
1st plural	sakhulula	sangakhulula, asakhulula, asangakhulula
2nd plural	nakhulula	nangakhulula, anakhulula, anangakhulula
class 1	wakhulula	wangakhulula, akakhulula, akangakhulula
class 2	bakhulula	bangakhulula, abakhulula, abangakhulula
class 3	wakhulula	wangakhulula, awakhulula, awangakhulula
class 4	yakhulula	yangakhulula, ayakhulula, ayangakhulula
class 5	lakhulula	langakhulula, alakhulula, alangakhulula
class 6	akhulula	angakhulula, awakhulula, awangakhulula
class 7	sakhulula	sangakhulula, asakhulula, asangakhulula
class 8	zakhulula	zangakhulula, azakhulula, azangakhulula
class 9	yakhulula	yangakhulula, ayakhulula, ayangakhulula
class 10	zakhulula	zangakhulula, azakhulula, azangakhulula
class 11	lwakhulula	lwangakhulula, alwakhulula, alwangakhulula
class 14	bakhulula	bangakhulula, abakhulula, abangakhulula
class 15	kwakhulula	kwangakhulula, akwakhulula, akwangakhulula
class 17	kwakhulula	kwangakhulula, akwakhulula, akwangakhulula

References

C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “khulula”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “khulula (3.2.9)”