jwjw

Egyptian

Etymology

Probably a reduplication of jw (“dog”). The verb is then likely denominal, with its meaning deriving from the cry of the dog.

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /iuːiuː/
  • Conventional anglicization: iuiu

Noun

 m

1. dog [Middle Kingdom to New Kingdom]

   Synonyms: jw, ṯzm

Inflection

Declension of jwjw (masculine)

singular	jwjw
dual	jwjwwj
plural	jwjww

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jwjw  

jwjw	jwjw
[New Kingdom]	[Book of the Dead]
in hieratic

Verb

 4-lit.

1. (intransitive) to lament or wail [Late Period and Greco-Roman Period]

Inflection

Conjugation of jwjw (quadriliteral / 4-lit. / 4rad.) — base stem: jwjw

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
jwjw	jwjww, jwjw	jwjwt	jwjw	jwjw

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
jwjw	ḥr jwjw	m jwjw	r jwjw

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	contingent
		aspect / mood	active
perfect	jwjw.n	consecutive	jwjw.jn
terminative	jwjwt
perfective3	jwjw	obligative1	jwjw.ḫr
imperfective	jwjw
prospective3	jwjww, jwjw	potentialis1	jwjw.kꜣ
subjunctive	jwjw

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms	participles
	active	active	passive
perfect	jwjw.n	—	—
perfective	jwjw	jwjw	jwjw, jwjww5, jwjwy5
imperfective	jwjw, jwjwy, jwjww5	jwjw, jwjwj6, jwjwy6	jwjw, jwjww5
prospective	jwjw, jwjwtj7	jwjwwtj1 4, jwjwtj4, jwjwt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jwjw  

jwjw

References

• “jwjw (lemma ID 22340)” and “jwjw (lemma ID 22350)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae‎^[1], Corpus issue 18, Web app version 2.1.5, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–26 July 2023
• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[2], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 50.1–50.2
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 12