jrt-ḥr

Egyptian

Etymology

jrt (“eye”) +‎ ḥr (“Horus”) in a direct genitive construction, thus ‘Eye of Horus’.

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /irɛt hɛr/
  • Conventional anglicization: iret-hor

Proper noun

 f

1. the actual Eye of Horus in mythology
2. (in funerary offering spells) the offering given to the deceased
   1. an ointment used in mummification [since the New Kingdom]
   2. (in wine texts) an epithet for wine
   3. (in cosmetic texts) an epithet for wꜣḏ-cosmetic
   4. (in qbḥw texts) an epithet for water
3. epithet for various goddesses as the personified eyes of Horus
4. an epithet for fire [Late Period and Greco-Roman Period]

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jrt-ḥr  

jrt-ḥr	jrt-ḥr
	as an epithet for fire

Synonyms

• (Eye of Horus): wḏꜣt
• (ointment): mḏ
• (cosmetic): wꜣḏ

Derived terms

• jrt-ḥr ꜣḫt
• jrt-ḥr ꜥnḫt
• jrt-ḥr wꜣḏt
• jrt-ḥr wrt
• jrt-ḥr wḏꜣt
• jrt-ḥr bnrt
• jrt-ḥr ḥḏt

Descendants

Compounded with r.w:

• ⇒ Demotic: jr.t-ḥr-r-r⸗w
  • → Ancient Greek: Ἰνάρως (Inárōs)
    • Greek: Ινάρως (Ináros)
    • Latin: Inarōs
  • Coptic: ⲛⲁϩⲣⲁⲩ (nahrau)

References

• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 321.
• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[1], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 107.12–107.14
• Wilson, Penelope (1991) A Lexicographical Study of the Ptolemaic Texts in the Temple of Edfu, Liverpool: University of Liverpool, pages 182–184
• Erichsen, Wolja (1954) Demotisches Glossar, Copenhagen: Ejnar Munksgaard, page 38