jkn

Egyptian

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /ikɛn/
  • Conventional anglicization: iken

Etymology 1

Verb

 3-lit.

1. (transitive) to scoop out, to scoop up, to draw (water) [Middle Kingdom]
2. (transitive) to dig up (land) [Coffin Texts to Late Period]
3. (transitive) to dig out (a hole) [Late Period]

Inflection

Conjugation of jkn (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: jkn, geminated stem: jknn

infinitival forms imperative infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural jkn jknw, jkn jknt jkn jkn ‘pseudoverbal’ forms stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2 jkn ḥr jkn m jkn r jkn suffix conjugation aspect / mood active passive contingent aspect / mood active passive perfect jkn.n jknw, jkn consecutive jkn.jn active + .tj1, .tw2 active + .tj1, .tw2 terminative jknt perfective3 jkn active + .tj1, .tw2 obligative1 jkn.ḫr active + .tj1, .tw2 imperfective jkn active + .tj1, .tw2 prospective3 jkn jknn potentialis1 jkn.kꜣ active + .tj1, .tw2 active + .tj1, .tw2 subjunctive jkn active + .tj1, .tw2 verbal adjectives aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles active passive active passive perfect jkn.n active + .tj1, .tw2 — — perfective jkn active + .tj1, .tw2 jkn jkn, jknw5, jkny5 imperfective jkn, jkny, jknw5 active + .tj1, .tw2 jkn, jknj6, jkny6 jkn, jknw5 prospective jkn, jkntj7 — jkntj4, jknt4 1 Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. 2 Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. 3 Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. 4 Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. 5 Only in the masculine singular. 6 Only in the masculine. 7 Only in the feminine.

Noun

 m

1. cup, scoop, small bowl [Middle Kingdom]
   • c. 1900 BCE, The Instructions of Kagemni (pPrisse/pBN 183) lines 1.5–1.6:

     
     

     jw jkn n(j) mw ꜥḫm.f jbt jw mḥ{t}⟨w⟩ r(ꜣ) m šww smn.f jb

     For a cup of water quenches thirst, for a mouthful of šww-herbs makes the heart firm.

Usage notes

Faulkner identifies this word with the later (18th Dynasty) term jkꜣnꜣ (“a kind of large vessel or jar”), but Hoch argues they may not be identical, as they seem to refer to vessels of different sizes; Hoch argues that the latter term is a Semitic loanword rather than Egyptian in origin.

Inflection

Declension of jkn (masculine)

singular	jkn
dual	jknwj
plural	jknw

Etymology 2

Wilson suggests this word is a metathesized form of earlier jnk (“to hold”) ~ ꜥnk, in turn perhaps a development from jnq (“to embrace”).

Verb

 3-lit.

1. (transitive) to seize, to take hold of [Greco-Roman Period]

Inflection

Conjugation of jkn (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: jkn, geminated stem: jknn

infinitival forms imperative infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural jkn jknw, jkn jknt jkn jkn ‘pseudoverbal’ forms stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2 jkn ḥr jkn m jkn r jkn suffix conjugation aspect / mood active passive contingent aspect / mood active passive perfect jkn.n jknw, jkn consecutive jkn.jn active + .tj1, .tw2 active + .tj1, .tw2 terminative jknt perfective3 jkn active + .tj1, .tw2 obligative1 jkn.ḫr active + .tj1, .tw2 imperfective jkn active + .tj1, .tw2 prospective3 jkn jknn potentialis1 jkn.kꜣ active + .tj1, .tw2 active + .tj1, .tw2 subjunctive jkn active + .tj1, .tw2 verbal adjectives aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles active passive active passive perfect jkn.n active + .tj1, .tw2 — — perfective jkn active + .tj1, .tw2 jkn jkn, jknw5, jkny5 imperfective jkn, jkny, jknw5 active + .tj1, .tw2 jkn, jknj6, jkny6 jkn, jknw5 prospective jkn, jkntj7 — jkntj4, jknt4 1 Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. 2 Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. 3 Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. 4 Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. 5 Only in the masculine singular. 6 Only in the masculine. 7 Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jkn  

jknw

References

• “jkn (lemma ID 32610)”, “jkn (lemma ID 854493)”, and “jkn (lemma ID 32600)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae‎^[1], Corpus issue 18, Web app version 2.1.5, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–26 July 2023
• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[2], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 139.18–140.1
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 32
• Wilson, Penelope (1991) A Lexicographical Study of the Ptolemaic Texts in the Temple of Edfu, Liverpool: University of Liverpool, page 218
• van der Molen, Rami (2000) A Hieroglyphic Dictionary of Egyptian Coffin Texts, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 56
• Hoch, James E. (1994) Semitic Words in Egyptian Texts of the New Kingdom and Third Intermediate Period, Princeton: Princeton University Press, →ISBN, pages 42–43
• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 235.

Finnish

Pronoun

jkn

1. Abbreviation of jonkun (“of somebody, somebody's”).

Usage notes

• This abbreviation is chiefly used in dictionaries.

See also

• jk (abbr. of "jokin")
• jku (abbr. of "joku")

Anagrams

• jnk