jatuh

Indonesian

Etymology

From Malay jatuh.
Semantic loan from English fell or Dutch vallen for “to occur” (sense 4) and “to become” (sense 3).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈd͡ʒatʊh]
Audio: (file)
Hyphenation: ja‧tuh

Verb

jatuh

to fall:
1. To move to a lower position under the effect of gravity.
  Dia jatuh dari tangga.
  He fell down the stairs.
2. To come down, to drop or descend.
  Tetesan hujan jatuh dari langit.
  Raindrops fall from the sky.
3. (figurative) To become.
  Tiba-tiba dia jatuh sakit. ― Suddenly he fell ill.
  
  Dia tidak pernah jatuh cinta. ― He never falls in love.
4. (figurative) To occur (on a certain day of the week, date, or similar); said of an instance of a recurring event such as a holiday or date.
  Idul Fitri jatuh pada hari Jumat ini.
  Eid al-Fitr occurs this Friday.
5. (figurative) to collapse; to be overthrown or defeated.
6. (figurative) to be bankrupt
7. (figurative) to descend in character or reputation; to become degraded; to sink into vice, error, or sin.

Conjugation

Conjugation of jatuh (meng-, jatuh)
	active	involuntary	passive	basic / imperative	emphatic / jussive
root	jatuh

active	berjatuh	terjatuh		jatuh	jatuhlah
locative	menjatuhi	terjatuhi	dijatuhi	jatuhi	jatuhilah
causative / applicative¹	menjatuhkan	terjatuhkan	dijatuhkan	jatuhkan	jatuhkanlah
	causative
active
locative
causative / applicative¹

¹ The -kan row is either causative or applicative. With transitive roots it mostly has applicative meaning.
Some of these forms do not normally exist or are rarely used in standard Indonesian. Some forms may also change meaning.