jšš

Egyptian

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /iʃɛʃ/
  • Conventional anglicization: ishesh

Verb

 2ae gem.

1. (transitive) to carry (here), to bring out [Book of the Dead and Greco-Roman Period]

Inflection

Conjugation of jšš (second geminate / 2ae gem. / II. gem.) — base stem: jš, geminated stem: jšš

infinitival forms imperative infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural jšš8 jšš jššt jšš, jš jšš, jš ‘pseudoverbal’ forms stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2 jšš, jš ḥr jšš m jšš r jšš suffix conjugation aspect / mood active passive contingent aspect / mood active passive perfect jšš.n, jš.n jš consecutive jš.jn active + .tj1, .tw2 active + .tj1, .tw2 terminative jššt perfective3 jš active + .tj1, .tw2 obligative1 jšš.ḫr active + .tj1, .tw2 imperfective jšš active + .tj1, .tw2 prospective3 jšš jšš potentialis1 jš.kꜣ active + .tj1, .tw2 active + .tj1, .tw2 subjunctive jš active + .tj1, .tw2 verbal adjectives aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles active passive active passive perfect jš.n active + .tj1, .tw2 — — perfective jš active + .tj1, .tw2 jš jš, jšw5, jšy5 imperfective jšš, jššy, jššw5 active + .tj1, .tw2 jšš, jššj6, jššy6 jšš, jššw5 prospective jš, jštj7 — jšštj4, jššt4 1 Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. 2 Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. 3 Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. 4 Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. 5 Only in the masculine singular. 6 Only in the masculine. 7 Only in the feminine. 8 jš before suffix pronouns.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jšš  

jšš	jšš
[Greco-Roman Period]	[Greco-Roman Period]

Verb

 2ae gem.

1. (transitive) to spit or sneeze out

Usage notes

Used chiefly in the context of old religious texts, and particularly in the Heliopolitan cosmogony to describe the creation of the god Shu from Atum’s spit.

Possibly both verbs jšš are mere graphical variants of each other, with a basic meaning of ‘to transport out’.

Inflection

Conjugation of jšš (second geminate / 2ae gem. / II. gem.) — base stem: jš, geminated stem: jšš

infinitival forms imperative infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural jšš8 jšš jššt jšš, jš jšš, jš ‘pseudoverbal’ forms stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2 jšš, jš ḥr jšš m jšš r jšš suffix conjugation aspect / mood active passive contingent aspect / mood active passive perfect jšš.n, jš.n jš consecutive jš.jn active + .tj1, .tw2 active + .tj1, .tw2 terminative jššt perfective3 jš active + .tj1, .tw2 obligative1 jšš.ḫr active + .tj1, .tw2 imperfective jšš active + .tj1, .tw2 prospective3 jšš jšš potentialis1 jš.kꜣ active + .tj1, .tw2 active + .tj1, .tw2 subjunctive jš active + .tj1, .tw2 verbal adjectives aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles active passive active passive perfect jš.n active + .tj1, .tw2 — — perfective jš active + .tj1, .tw2 jš jš, jšw5, jšy5 imperfective jšš, jššy, jššw5 active + .tj1, .tw2 jšš, jššj6, jššy6 jšš, jššw5 prospective jš, jštj7 — jšštj4, jššt4 1 Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. 2 Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. 3 Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. 4 Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. 5 Only in the masculine singular. 6 Only in the masculine. 7 Only in the feminine. 8 jš before suffix pronouns.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jšš  

jšš	jšš
	[New Kingdom]

Noun

 m

1. spittle
2. anything spat out

Inflection

Declension of jšš (masculine)

singular	jšš
dual	jššwj
plural	jššw

Alternative forms

See under the verb above.

Noun

 m

1. image [Greco-Roman Period]

Inflection

Declension of jšš (masculine)

singular	jšš
dual	jššwj
plural	jššw

References

• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[1], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 135.14–135.16, 136.1–136.2
• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 148.