infliger
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French
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Latin īnflīgere.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]infliger
Conjugation
[edit]This is a regular -er verb, but the stem is written inflige- before endings that begin with -a- or -o- (to indicate that the -g- is a "soft" /ʒ/ and not a "hard" /ɡ/). This spelling change occurs in all verbs in -ger, such as neiger and manger.
Conjugation of infliger (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | infliger | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | infligeant /ɛ̃.fli.ʒɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | infligé /ɛ̃.fli.ʒe/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | inflige /ɛ̃.fliʒ/ |
infliges /ɛ̃.fliʒ/ |
inflige /ɛ̃.fliʒ/ |
infligeons /ɛ̃.fli.ʒɔ̃/ |
infligez /ɛ̃.fli.ʒe/ |
infligent /ɛ̃.fliʒ/ |
| imperfect | infligeais /ɛ̃.fli.ʒɛ/ |
infligeais /ɛ̃.fli.ʒɛ/ |
infligeait /ɛ̃.fli.ʒɛ/ |
infligions /ɛ̃.fli.ʒjɔ̃/ |
infligiez /ɛ̃.fli.ʒje/ |
infligeaient /ɛ̃.fli.ʒɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | infligeai /ɛ̃.fli.ʒe/ |
infligeas /ɛ̃.fli.ʒa/ |
infligea /ɛ̃.fli.ʒa/ |
infligeâmes /ɛ̃.fli.ʒam/ |
infligeâtes /ɛ̃.fli.ʒat/ |
infligèrent /ɛ̃.fli.ʒɛʁ/ | |
| future | infligerai /ɛ̃.fliʒ.ʁe/ |
infligeras /ɛ̃.fliʒ.ʁa/ |
infligera /ɛ̃.fliʒ.ʁa/ |
infligerons /ɛ̃.fliʒ.ʁɔ̃/ |
infligerez /ɛ̃.fliʒ.ʁe/ |
infligeront /ɛ̃.fliʒ.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | infligerais /ɛ̃.fliʒ.ʁɛ/ |
infligerais /ɛ̃.fliʒ.ʁɛ/ |
infligerait /ɛ̃.fliʒ.ʁɛ/ |
infligerions /ɛ̃.fli.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
infligeriez /ɛ̃.fli.ʒə.ʁje/ |
infligeraient /ɛ̃.fliʒ.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | inflige /ɛ̃.fliʒ/ |
infliges /ɛ̃.fliʒ/ |
inflige /ɛ̃.fliʒ/ |
infligions /ɛ̃.fli.ʒjɔ̃/ |
infligiez /ɛ̃.fli.ʒje/ |
infligent /ɛ̃.fliʒ/ |
| imperfect2 | infligeasse /ɛ̃.fli.ʒas/ |
infligeasses /ɛ̃.fli.ʒas/ |
infligeât /ɛ̃.fli.ʒa/ |
infligeassions /ɛ̃.fli.ʒa.sjɔ̃/ |
infligeassiez /ɛ̃.fli.ʒa.sje/ |
infligeassent /ɛ̃.fli.ʒas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | inflige /ɛ̃.fliʒ/ |
— | infligeons /ɛ̃.fli.ʒɔ̃/ |
infligez /ɛ̃.fli.ʒe/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “infliger”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.