impugner

English

Etymology

From impugn +‎ -er.

Noun

impugner (plural impugners)

1. One who impugns; one who opposes or contradicts.

References

• “impugner”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
• “impugner”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

Latin

Verb

impugner

1. first-person singular present passive subjunctive of impugnō

Middle French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin impugnō.

Verb

impugner

1. to attack; to impugn

Conjugation

• Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.

Conjugation of impugner

infinitive	simple	impugner
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle1 or gerund2	simple	impugnant
	compound	present participle or gerund of avoir + past participle
past participle		impugné
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ie (i’)	tu	il, elle	nous	vous	ilz, elles
(simple tenses)	present	impugne	impugnes	impugne	impugnons	impugnez	impugnent
	imperfect	impugnois, impugnoys	impugnois, impugnoys	impugnoit, impugnoyt	impugnions, impugnyons	impugniez, impugnyez	impugnoient, impugnoyent
	past historic	impugna	impugnas	impugna	impugnasmes	impugnastes	impugnerent
	future	impugnerai, impugneray	impugneras	impugnera	impugnerons	impugnerez	impugneront
	conditional	impugnerois, impugneroys	impugnerois, impugneroys	impugneroit, impugneroyt	impugnerions, impugneryons	impugneriez, impugneryez	impugneroient, impugneroyent
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que ie (i’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ilz, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	impugne	impugnes	impugne	impugnons	impugnez	impugnent
	imperfect	impugnasse	impugnasses	impugnast	impugnassions	impugnassiez	impugnassent
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	impugne	—	impugnons	impugnez	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p. 179). The French Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679.
2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition en, as in Modern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], op. cit., p. 180).

Descendants

• English: impugn

References

• Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l’ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IX^e au XV^e siècle (1881) (impugner)