hocher

French

Etymology

Inherited from Middle French hochier, from Old French hochier (“to shake, jostle, stir, swing, move, twitch”), from Frankish *hotsōn, *hottisōn, from *hottōn (“to shake, toss”), from Proto-Germanic *hud- (“to swing, rock, shake”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ket- or *kwēt- (“to shake, rock back and forth”). See also hod.

cognates

• Dutch hutsen, hutselen (“to shake, shudder”)
• English hustle
• Old English hūdenian (“to rock, shake”)

Pronunciation

• ^{(aspirated h)} IPA^(key): /ɔ.ʃe/

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

hocher

1. to nod (move one's head)

Conjugation

Conjugation of hocher (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	hocher
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	hochant /ɔ.ʃɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		hoché /ɔ.ʃe/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	hoche /ɔʃ/	hoches /ɔʃ/	hoche /ɔʃ/	hochons /ɔ.ʃɔ̃/	hochez /ɔ.ʃe/	hochent /ɔʃ/
	imperfect	hochais /ɔ.ʃɛ/	hochais /ɔ.ʃɛ/	hochait /ɔ.ʃɛ/	hochions /ɔ.ʃjɔ̃/	hochiez /ɔ.ʃje/	hochaient /ɔ.ʃɛ/
	past historic2	hochai /ɔ.ʃe/	hochas /ɔ.ʃa/	hocha /ɔ.ʃa/	hochâmes /ɔ.ʃam/	hochâtes /ɔ.ʃat/	hochèrent /ɔ.ʃɛʁ/
	future	hocherai /ɔʃ.ʁe/	hocheras /ɔʃ.ʁa/	hochera /ɔʃ.ʁa/	hocherons /ɔʃ.ʁɔ̃/	hocherez /ɔʃ.ʁe/	hocheront /ɔʃ.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	hocherais /ɔʃ.ʁɛ/	hocherais /ɔʃ.ʁɛ/	hocherait /ɔʃ.ʁɛ/	hocherions /ɔ.ʃə.ʁjɔ̃/	hocheriez /ɔ.ʃə.ʁje/	hocheraient /ɔʃ.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	hoche /ɔʃ/	hoches /ɔʃ/	hoche /ɔʃ/	hochions /ɔ.ʃjɔ̃/	hochiez /ɔ.ʃje/	hochent /ɔʃ/
	imperfect2	hochasse /ɔ.ʃas/	hochasses /ɔ.ʃas/	hochât /ɔ.ʃa/	hochassions /ɔ.ʃa.sjɔ̃/	hochassiez /ɔ.ʃa.sje/	hochassent /ɔ.ʃas/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	hoche /ɔʃ/	—	hochons /ɔ.ʃɔ̃/	hochez /ɔ.ʃe/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Related terms

• hochet
• hocheur

Further reading

• “hocher”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.