hníti

Old Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gňiti.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (13^th CE) /ˈɣɲiːci/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /ˈɦɲiːci/

Verb

hníti impf

1. to rot, to putrefy

   Synonyms: práchnivěti, tléti

   Dřěvo hnie. ― The wood rots.

Conjugation

Conjugation of hníti (class I)

infinitive	supine	verbal noun
hníti	hnit	hnitie

	Present			Imperative
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
1st person	hňú	hnievě (-va)	hniem (-me/-my)	–	hnívě (-va)	hníme (-my)
2nd person	hnieš	hnieta	hniete	hní	hníta	hníte
3rd person	hnie	hnieta	hňú	hní	hníta	hníte

	Sigmatic aorist			Imperfect
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
1st person	hnich	hnichově (-va)	hnichom (-me/-my)	hniech	hniechově (-va)	hniechom (-me/-my)
2nd person	hni	hnista (-šta)	hniste (-šte)	hnieše	hniešta (-sta)	hniešte (-ste)
3rd person	hni	hnista (-šta)	hnichu	hnieše	hniešta (-sta)	hniechu

	L-participle			Passive participle
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Masculine	hnil	hnila	hnili	—	—	—
Feminine	hnila	hnile	hnily	—	—	—
Neuter	hnilo	hnile	hnila	—	—	—

	Nt-participle			S-participle
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Masculine	hnie	hňúce		hniv	hnivše
Feminine	hňúci			hnivši
Neuter	hnie, hňúci			hniv, hnivši

Note: This table shows the most common forms of hníti around the 13th/14th century. See also Appendix:Old Czech verbs and Appendix:Old Czech pronunciation.

Derived terms

• hnilet
• hnilost
• hnilý
• pohníti
• shníti
• vyhniti

Descendants

• Czech: hnít

Further reading

• Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “hníti”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění