hlwa

Swazi

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-còa.

Verb

-hlwa

1. (intransitive) to become dark

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-còa.

Verb

-hlwa

1. (intransitive) to become dark

Inflection

Tone L
Infinitive	ukuhlwa
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukuhlwa	ukungahlwi
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	yihlwa	-hlwe
Plural	yihlwani	-hlweni
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyahlwa, ngihlwa	engihlwayo, engihlwa	ngihlwa	angihlwi	engingahlwi	ngingahlwi
2nd singular	uyahlwa, uhlwa	ohlwayo, ohlwa	uhlwa	awuhlwi	ongahlwi	ungahlwi
1st plural	siyahlwa, sihlwa	esihlwayo, esihlwa	sihlwa	asihlwi	esingahlwi	singahlwi
2nd plural	niyahlwa, nihlwa	enihlwayo, enihlwa	nihlwa	anihlwi	eningahlwi	ningahlwi
Class 1	uyahlwa, uhlwa	ohlwayo, ohlwa	ehlwa	akahlwi	ongahlwi	engahlwi
Class 2	bayahlwa, bahlwa	abahlwayo, abahlwa	behlwa	abahlwi	abangahlwi	bengahlwi
Class 3	uyahlwa, uhlwa	ohlwayo, ohlwa	uhlwa	awuhlwi	ongahlwi	ungahlwi
Class 4	iyahlwa, ihlwa	ehlwayo, ehlwa	ihlwa	ayihlwi	engahlwi	ingahlwi
Class 5	liyahlwa, lihlwa	elihlwayo, elihlwa	lihlwa	alihlwi	elingahlwi	lingahlwi
Class 6	ayahlwa, ahlwa	ahlwayo, ahlwa	ehlwa	awahlwi	angahlwi	engahlwi
Class 7	siyahlwa, sihlwa	esihlwayo, esihlwa	sihlwa	asihlwi	esingahlwi	singahlwi
Class 8	ziyahlwa, zihlwa	ezihlwayo, ezihlwa	zihlwa	azihlwi	ezingahlwi	zingahlwi
Class 9	iyahlwa, ihlwa	ehlwayo, ehlwa	ihlwa	ayihlwi	engahlwi	ingahlwi
Class 10	ziyahlwa, zihlwa	ezihlwayo, ezihlwa	zihlwa	azihlwi	ezingahlwi	zingahlwi
Class 11	luyahlwa, luhlwa	oluhlwayo, oluhlwa	luhlwa	aluhlwi	olungahlwi	lungahlwi
Class 14	buyahlwa, buhlwa	obuhlwayo, obuhlwa	buhlwa	abuhlwi	obungahlwi	bungahlwi
Class 15	kuyahlwa, kuhlwa	okuhlwayo, okuhlwa	kuhlwa	akuhlwi	okungahlwi	kungahlwi
Class 17	kuyahlwa, kuhlwa	okuhlwayo, okuhlwa	kuhlwa	akuhlwi	okungahlwi	kungahlwi
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngihlwile, ngihlwē	engihlwile, engihlwē	ngihlwile, ngihlwē	angihlwanga	engingahlwanga	ngingahlwanga
2nd singular	uhlwile, uhlwē	ohlwile, ohlwē	uhlwile, uhlwē	awuhlwanga	ongahlwanga	ungahlwanga
1st plural	sihlwile, sihlwē	esihlwile, esihlwē	sihlwile, sihlwē	asihlwanga	esingahlwanga	singahlwanga
2nd plural	nihlwile, nihlwē	enihlwile, enihlwē	nihlwile, nihlwē	anihlwanga	eningahlwanga	ningahlwanga
Class 1	uhlwile, uhlwē	ohlwile, ohlwē	ehlwile, ehlwē	akahlwanga	ongahlwanga	engahlwanga
Class 2	bahlwile, bahlwē	abahlwile, abahlwē	behlwile, behlwē	abahlwanga	abangahlwanga	bengahlwanga
Class 3	uhlwile, uhlwē	ohlwile, ohlwē	uhlwile, uhlwē	awuhlwanga	ongahlwanga	ungahlwanga
Class 4	ihlwile, ihlwē	ehlwile, ehlwē	ihlwile, ihlwē	ayihlwanga	engahlwanga	ingahlwanga
Class 5	lihlwile, lihlwē	elihlwile, elihlwē	lihlwile, lihlwē	alihlwanga	elingahlwanga	lingahlwanga
Class 6	ahlwile, ahlwē	ahlwile, ahlwē	ehlwile, ehlwē	awahlwanga	angahlwanga	engahlwanga
Class 7	sihlwile, sihlwē	esihlwile, esihlwē	sihlwile, sihlwē	asihlwanga	esingahlwanga	singahlwanga
Class 8	zihlwile, zihlwē	ezihlwile, ezihlwē	zihlwile, zihlwē	azihlwanga	ezingahlwanga	zingahlwanga
Class 9	ihlwile, ihlwē	ehlwile, ehlwē	ihlwile, ihlwē	ayihlwanga	engahlwanga	ingahlwanga
Class 10	zihlwile, zihlwē	ezihlwile, ezihlwē	zihlwile, zihlwē	azihlwanga	ezingahlwanga	zingahlwanga
Class 11	luhlwile, luhlwē	oluhlwile, oluhlwē	luhlwile, luhlwē	aluhlwanga	olungahlwanga	lungahlwanga
Class 14	buhlwile, buhlwē	obuhlwile, obuhlwē	buhlwile, buhlwē	abuhlwanga	obungahlwanga	bungahlwanga
Class 15	kuhlwile, kuhlwē	okuhlwile, okuhlwē	kuhlwile, kuhlwē	akuhlwanga	okungahlwanga	kungahlwanga
Class 17	kuhlwile, kuhlwē	okuhlwile, okuhlwē	kuhlwile, kuhlwē	akuhlwanga	okungahlwanga	kungahlwanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngāhlwa	engāhlwa	ngāhlwa	angihlwanga	engingahlwanga	ngingahlwanga
2nd singular	wāhlwa	owāhlwa	wāhlwa	awuhlwanga	ongahlwanga	ungahlwanga
1st plural	sāhlwa	esāhlwa	sāhlwa	asihlwanga	esingahlwanga	singahlwanga
2nd plural	nāhlwa	enāhlwa	nāhlwa	anihlwanga	eningahlwanga	ningahlwanga
Class 1	wāhlwa	owāhlwa	āhlwa	akahlwanga	ongahlwanga	engahlwanga
Class 2	bāhlwa	abāhlwa	bāhlwa	abahlwanga	abangahlwanga	bengahlwanga
Class 3	wāhlwa	owāhlwa	wāhlwa	awuhlwanga	ongahlwanga	ungahlwanga
Class 4	yāhlwa	eyāhlwa	yāhlwa	ayihlwanga	engahlwanga	ingahlwanga
Class 5	lāhlwa	elāhlwa	lāhlwa	alihlwanga	elingahlwanga	lingahlwanga
Class 6	āhlwa	āhlwa	āhlwa	awahlwanga	angahlwanga	engahlwanga
Class 7	sāhlwa	esāhlwa	sāhlwa	asihlwanga	esingahlwanga	singahlwanga
Class 8	zāhlwa	ezāhlwa	zāhlwa	azihlwanga	ezingahlwanga	zingahlwanga
Class 9	yāhlwa	eyāhlwa	yāhlwa	ayihlwanga	engahlwanga	ingahlwanga
Class 10	zāhlwa	ezāhlwa	zāhlwa	azihlwanga	ezingahlwanga	zingahlwanga
Class 11	lwāhlwa	olwāhlwa	lwāhlwa	aluhlwanga	olungahlwanga	lungahlwanga
Class 14	bāhlwa	obāhlwa	bāhlwa	abuhlwanga	obungahlwanga	bungahlwanga
Class 15	kwāhlwa	okwāhlwa	kwāhlwa	akuhlwanga	okungahlwanga	kungahlwanga
Class 17	kwāhlwa	okwāhlwa	kwāhlwa	akuhlwanga	okungahlwanga	kungahlwanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingahlwa	—	ngingahlwa	ngingehlwe	—	ngingehlwe
2nd singular	ungahlwa	—	ungahlwa	ungehlwe	—	ungehlwe
1st plural	singahlwa	—	singahlwa	singehlwe	—	singehlwe
2nd plural	ningahlwa	—	ningahlwa	ningehlwe	—	ningehlwe
Class 1	angahlwa	—	engahlwa	angehlwe	—	engehlwe
Class 2	bangahlwa	—	bengahlwa	bangehlwe	—	bengehlwe
Class 3	ungahlwa	—	ungahlwa	ungehlwe	—	ungehlwe
Class 4	ingahlwa	—	ingahlwa	ingehlwe	—	ingehlwe
Class 5	lingahlwa	—	lingahlwa	lingehlwe	—	lingehlwe
Class 6	angahlwa	—	engahlwa	angehlwe	—	engehlwe
Class 7	singahlwa	—	singahlwa	singehlwe	—	singehlwe
Class 8	zingahlwa	—	zingahlwa	zingehlwe	—	zingehlwe
Class 9	ingahlwa	—	ingahlwa	ingehlwe	—	ingehlwe
Class 10	zingahlwa	—	zingahlwa	zingehlwe	—	zingehlwe
Class 11	lungahlwa	—	lungahlwa	lungehlwe	—	lungehlwe
Class 14	bungahlwa	—	bungahlwa	bungehlwe	—	bungehlwe
Class 15	kungahlwa	—	kungahlwa	kungehlwe	—	kungehlwe
Class 17	kungahlwa	—	kungahlwa	kungehlwe	—	kungehlwe
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizokuhlwa	engizokuhlwa	ngizokuhlwa	angizukuhlwa	engingezukuhlwa	ngingezukuhlwa
2nd singular	uzokuhlwa	ozokuhlwa	uzokuhlwa	awuzukuhlwa	ongezukuhlwa	ungezukuhlwa
1st plural	sizokuhlwa	esizokuhlwa	sizokuhlwa	asizukuhlwa	esingezukuhlwa	singezukuhlwa
2nd plural	nizokuhlwa	enizokuhlwa	nizokuhlwa	anizukuhlwa	eningezukuhlwa	ningezukuhlwa
Class 1	uzokuhlwa	ozokuhlwa	ezokuhlwa	akazukuhlwa	ongezukuhlwa	engezukuhlwa
Class 2	bazokuhlwa	abazokuhlwa	bezokuhlwa	abazukuhlwa	abangezukuhlwa	bengezukuhlwa
Class 3	uzokuhlwa	ozokuhlwa	uzokuhlwa	awuzukuhlwa	ongezukuhlwa	ungezukuhlwa
Class 4	izokuhlwa	ezokuhlwa	izokuhlwa	ayizukuhlwa	engezukuhlwa	ingezukuhlwa
Class 5	lizokuhlwa	elizokuhlwa	lizokuhlwa	alizukuhlwa	elingezukuhlwa	lingezukuhlwa
Class 6	azokuhlwa	azokuhlwa	ezokuhlwa	awazukuhlwa	angezukuhlwa	engezukuhlwa
Class 7	sizokuhlwa	esizokuhlwa	sizokuhlwa	asizukuhlwa	esingezukuhlwa	singezukuhlwa
Class 8	zizokuhlwa	ezizokuhlwa	zizokuhlwa	azizukuhlwa	ezingezukuhlwa	zingezukuhlwa
Class 9	izokuhlwa	ezokuhlwa	izokuhlwa	ayizukuhlwa	engezukuhlwa	ingezukuhlwa
Class 10	zizokuhlwa	ezizokuhlwa	zizokuhlwa	azizukuhlwa	ezingezukuhlwa	zingezukuhlwa
Class 11	luzokuhlwa	oluzokuhlwa	luzokuhlwa	aluzukuhlwa	olungezukuhlwa	lungezukuhlwa
Class 14	buzokuhlwa	obuzokuhlwa	buzokuhlwa	abuzukuhlwa	obungezukuhlwa	bungezukuhlwa
Class 15	kuzokuhlwa	okuzokuhlwa	kuzokuhlwa	akuzukuhlwa	okungezukuhlwa	kungezukuhlwa
Class 17	kuzokuhlwa	okuzokuhlwa	kuzokuhlwa	akuzukuhlwa	okungezukuhlwa	kungezukuhlwa
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyokuhlwa	engiyokuhlwa	ngiyokuhlwa	angiyukuhlwa	engingeyukuhlwa	ngingeyukuhlwa
2nd singular	uyokuhlwa	oyokuhlwa	uyokuhlwa	awuyukuhlwa	ongeyukuhlwa	ungeyukuhlwa
1st plural	siyokuhlwa	esiyokuhlwa	siyokuhlwa	asiyukuhlwa	esingeyukuhlwa	singeyukuhlwa
2nd plural	niyokuhlwa	eniyokuhlwa	niyokuhlwa	aniyukuhlwa	eningeyukuhlwa	ningeyukuhlwa
Class 1	uyokuhlwa	oyokuhlwa	eyokuhlwa	akayukuhlwa	ongeyukuhlwa	engeyukuhlwa
Class 2	bayokuhlwa	abayokuhlwa	beyokuhlwa	abayukuhlwa	abangeyukuhlwa	bengeyukuhlwa
Class 3	uyokuhlwa	oyokuhlwa	uyokuhlwa	awuyukuhlwa	ongeyukuhlwa	ungeyukuhlwa
Class 4	iyokuhlwa	eyokuhlwa	iyokuhlwa	ayiyukuhlwa	engeyukuhlwa	ingeyukuhlwa
Class 5	liyokuhlwa	eliyokuhlwa	liyokuhlwa	aliyukuhlwa	elingeyukuhlwa	lingeyukuhlwa
Class 6	ayokuhlwa	ayokuhlwa	eyokuhlwa	awayukuhlwa	angeyukuhlwa	engeyukuhlwa
Class 7	siyokuhlwa	esiyokuhlwa	siyokuhlwa	asiyukuhlwa	esingeyukuhlwa	singeyukuhlwa
Class 8	ziyokuhlwa	eziyokuhlwa	ziyokuhlwa	aziyukuhlwa	ezingeyukuhlwa	zingeyukuhlwa
Class 9	iyokuhlwa	eyokuhlwa	iyokuhlwa	ayiyukuhlwa	engeyukuhlwa	ingeyukuhlwa
Class 10	ziyokuhlwa	eziyokuhlwa	ziyokuhlwa	aziyukuhlwa	ezingeyukuhlwa	zingeyukuhlwa
Class 11	luyokuhlwa	oluyokuhlwa	luyokuhlwa	aluyukuhlwa	olungeyukuhlwa	lungeyukuhlwa
Class 14	buyokuhlwa	obuyokuhlwa	buyokuhlwa	abuyukuhlwa	obungeyukuhlwa	bungeyukuhlwa
Class 15	kuyokuhlwa	okuyokuhlwa	kuyokuhlwa	akuyukuhlwa	okungeyukuhlwa	kungeyukuhlwa
Class 17	kuyokuhlwa	okuyokuhlwa	kuyokuhlwa	akuyukuhlwa	okungeyukuhlwa	kungeyukuhlwa
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngihlwe	ngingahlwi
2nd singular	uhlwe	ungahlwi
1st plural	sihlwe	singahlwi
2nd plural	nihlwe	ningahlwi
Class 1	ahlwe	angahlwi
Class 2	bahlwe	bangahlwi
Class 3	uhlwe	ungahlwi
Class 4	ihlwe	ingahlwi
Class 5	lihlwe	lingahlwi
Class 6	ahlwe	angahlwi
Class 7	sihlwe	singahlwi
Class 8	zihlwe	zingahlwi
Class 9	ihlwe	ingahlwi
Class 10	zihlwe	zingahlwi
Class 11	luhlwe	lungahlwi
Class 14	buhlwe	bungahlwi
Class 15	kuhlwe	kungahlwi
Class 17	kuhlwe	kungahlwi
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngahlwa	ngangahlwa, angahlwa, angangahlwa
2nd singular	wahlwa	wangahlwa, awahlwa, awangahlwa
1st plural	sahlwa	sangahlwa, asahlwa, asangahlwa
2nd plural	nahlwa	nangahlwa, anahlwa, anangahlwa
Class 1	wahlwa	wangahlwa, akahlwa, akangahlwa
Class 2	bahlwa	bangahlwa, abahlwa, abangahlwa
Class 3	wahlwa	wangahlwa, awahlwa, awangahlwa
Class 4	yahlwa	yangahlwa, ayahlwa, ayangahlwa
Class 5	lahlwa	langahlwa, alahlwa, alangahlwa
Class 6	ahlwa	angahlwa, awahlwa, awangahlwa
Class 7	sahlwa	sangahlwa, asahlwa, asangahlwa
Class 8	zahlwa	zangahlwa, azahlwa, azangahlwa
Class 9	yahlwa	yangahlwa, ayahlwa, ayangahlwa
Class 10	zahlwa	zangahlwa, azahlwa, azangahlwa
Class 11	lwahlwa	lwangahlwa, alwahlwa, alwangahlwa
Class 14	bahlwa	bangahlwa, abahlwa, abangahlwa
Class 15	kwahlwa	kwangahlwa, akwahlwa, akwangahlwa
Class 17	kwahlwa	kwangahlwa, akwahlwa, akwangahlwa

References

• C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “hlwa”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “hlwa”