hierdan

Old English

Alternative forms

• herdan, hyrdan, hirdan

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *hardijan, from Proto-Germanic *hardijaną.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈxi͜yr.dɑn/, [ˈhi͜yrˠ.dɑn]

Verb

hierdan

1. (transitive) to make hard
2. (transitive) to make strong or tight
3. (transitive) to make bold, embolden, or encourage

Conjugation

Conjugation of hierdan (weak class 1)

infinitive	hierdan	hierdenne
indicative mood	present tense	past tense
first person singular	hierde	hierde
second person singular	hierdest, hierst, hiertst	hierdest
third person singular	hierdeþ, hiert	hierde
plural	hierdaþ	hierdon
subjunctive	present tense	past tense
singular	hierde	hierde
plural	hierden	hierden
imperative
singular	hierd
plural	hierdaþ
participle	present	past
	hierdende	(ġe)hierded

Derived terms

• āhierdan
• forhierdan
• ġehierdan
• ġeondhierdan
• onhierdan

 

Related terms

• heardian

Descendants

• Middle English: herden, harden (merged with descendant of Old English heardian)
  • English: hard (obsolete)

References

• Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller (1898) “hierdan”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.