gruga

Italian

Verb

gruga

1. inflection of grugare:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Welsh

Alternative forms

• grugo

Etymology

From grug (“heather”) +‎ -a.

Pronunciation

• (North Wales) IPA^(key): /ɡrɨ̞ɡa/
• (South Wales) IPA^(key): /ɡriːɡa/, /ɡrɪɡa/
• Rhymes: -ɨ̞ɡa

Verb

gruga (first-person singular present grugaf)

1. to gather heather

Conjugation

Conjugation (literary)

	singular			plural			impersonal
	first	second	third	first	second	third
present indicative/future	grugaf	grugi	gruga	grugwn	grugwch	grugant	grugir
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional	grugwn	grugit	grugai	grugem	grugech	grugent	grugid
preterite	grugais	grugaist	grugodd	grugasom	grugasoch	grugasant	grugwyd
pluperfect	grugaswn	grugasit	grugasai	grugasem	grugasech	grugasent	grugasid, grugesid
present subjunctive	grugwyf	grugych	grugo	grugom	grugoch	grugont	gruger
imperative	—	gruga	gruged	grugwn	grugwch	grugent	gruger
verbal noun	gruga
verbal adjectives	grugedig grugadwy

Conjugation (colloquial)

Inflected colloquial forms	singular			plural
	first	second	third	first	second	third
future	gruga i, grugaf i	grugi di	grugith o/e/hi, grugiff e/hi	grugwn ni	grugwch chi	grugan nhw
conditional	grugwn i, grugswn i	gruget ti, grugset ti	grugai fo/fe/hi, grugsai fo/fe/hi	grugen ni, grugsen ni	grugech chi, grugsech chi	grugen nhw, grugsen nhw
preterite	grugais i, gruges i	grugaist ti, grugest ti	grugodd o/e/hi	grugon ni	grugoch chi	grugon nhw
imperative	—	gruga	—	—	grugwch	—
Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh.

Mutation

Mutated forms of gruga

radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
gruga	ruga	ngruga	unchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “gruga”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies