gristle

English

Etymology

From Middle English gristel, grystyl, from Old English gristel (“gristle, cartilage”), Proto-West Germanic *gristl, of obscure origin; possibly from a pre-Germanic substrate language. Seemingly equivalent to a diminutive of Old English grist (“a grinding”), equivalent to modern English grist +‎ -le; possibly related to Proto-Germanic *gredaną (“to crunch”). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?) Cognate with Old Frisian gristel, gerstel (“gristle, cartilage”), Middle Low German gristel (“gristle”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡɹɪsəl/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɪsəl

Noun

gristle (countable and uncountable, plural gristles)

1. Cartilage; now especially: cartilage present, as a tough substance, in meat.
   • 1979, Monty Python (lyrics and music), “Always Look on the Bright Side of Life”:

     When you're chewing on life's gristle
     Don't grumble, give a whistle
     And this'll help things turn out for the best […]

   • 2011, Rebecca Skloot, The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks, New York: Broadway Books, →ISBN, page 35:

     But she was tired of cell culture, tired of meticulously cutting away dead tissue like gristle from a steak […]

2. (figuratively, from obsolete scientific theory) Bone not yet hardened by age and hard work.
   • 1849, Herman Melville, “chapter II”, in Redburn: His First Voyage. […], 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, […], →OCLC:

     And it is a hard and cruel thing thus in early youth to taste beforehand the pangs which should be reserved for the stout time of manhood, when the gristle has become bone, and we stand up and fight out our lives, as a thing tried before and foreseen; for then we are veterans used to sieges and battles, and not green recruits, recoiling at the first shock of the encounter.

   • 1859, George Eliot [pseudonym; Mary Ann Evans], “chapter XIX”, in Adam Bede […], volumes (please specify |volume=I to III), Edinburgh; London: William Blackwood and Sons, →OCLC:

     Look at Adam through the rest of the day, as he stands on the scaffolding with the two-feet ruler in his hand, whistling low while he considers how a difficulty about a floor-joist or a window-frame is to be overcome; or as he pushes one of the younger workmen aside and takes his place in upheaving a weight of timber, saying, "Let alone, lad! Thee'st got too much gristle i' thy bones yet"; or as he fixes his keen black eyes on the motions of a workman on the other side of the room and warns him that his distances are not right.

   • 1885, Ada Sarah Ballin, The Science of Dress in Theory and Practice,

     It. must be borne in mind that the bones of a young infant are little more than gristle, and are liable to bend, and so become deformed.

   • 1896, Arthur Conan Doyle, Rodney Stone, (Please provide the book title or journal name):

     "The young 'un will make his way," said Belcher, who had come across to us. "He's more a sparrer than a fighter just at present, but when his gristle sets he'll take on anything on the list.

Derived terms

Derived terms

• gristled
• gristliness
• gristly
• in the gristle

Translations

cartilage

• Arabic: please add this translation if you can
• Basque: kurruska
• Bulgarian: хрущял (bg) m (hruštjal)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 軟骨／软骨 (zh) (ruǎngǔ), 脆骨 (zh) (cuìgu)

• Danish: brusk c
• Dutch: kraakbeen (nl)
• Finnish: rusto (fi)
• French: cartilage (fr) m
• Georgian: ხრტილი (xrṭili)
• German: Knorpel (de) m
• Greek: τραγανόν n (traganón)

  Ancient: χόνδρος m (khóndros)

• Gujarati: કાસ્થિ (kāsthi), કુમળું હાડકું (kumaḷũ hāḍkũ), કૂણું હાડકું (kūṇũ hāḍkũ)
• Hungarian: porc (hu)
• Ido: kartilago (io)
• Japanese: 軟骨 (ja) (なんこつ, nankotsu)
• Latgalian: krimtele f
• Latin: cartilāgō f
• Latvian: skrimslis (lv) m
• Lithuanian: kremzlė f
• Maori: uaua, pakaua
• Navajo: ooshgę́ę́zh
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: eitel m

  Nynorsk: eitel m

• Plautdietsch: Gnurpel n
• Polish: chrząstka (pl) f
• Portuguese: cartilagem (pt) f
• Romanian: zgârci (ro)
• Russian: хрящ (ru) (xrjašč), хря́щик (ru) m (xrjáščik)
• Spanish: cartílago (es) m, ternilla (es) f
• Swedish: brosk (sv)
• Volapük: kartilag

References

• “gristle”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.

Anagrams

• Stigler, glister, riglets