gjuhë
Appearance
See also: gjuhe
Albanian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- gluhë — obsolete, now Cham, Arbëresh, Arvanitika
- gjuhu — obsolete, Gheg
- gjuhunë, gjuhënë — Gheg
- guhë — northern Gheg
- gû — dialectal, Kosovo
- gju — Borgo Erizzo
- gëluhë — Sicily
- gjufë — Calabria
Etymology
[edit]Unclear. Akin to Arbëresh glunzë (“voice”). Possibilities include:
- Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *gol(H)-s-os, via a byform *gl̥(H)-s-ós, whence also Proto-Slavic *golsъ (“voice”), Lithuanian gal̃sas (“voice”), Proto-Germanic *kalz-ōną (“to call”).[1] However the medial -h- instead of expected **-sh- is left unexplained.
- From a byform *ǵʰnud-sḱ-eh₂, doubly methasised from Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s ~ *dn̥ǵʰuh₂és (“tongue”). Compare Tocharian B kantwo, also metathised. The outcome gl- (and later gj-) from original *ǵ(ʰ)n- is also attested in gju (“knee”).[2] The usage of the infixed *-sḱ- does not seem have any parallels.
- A connection with Ancient Greek γλῶσσα (glôssa),[3] itself of unclear origin, cannot be proven.[4]
Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): /ˈɟuhə/
- (northern Gheg) IPA(key): [ˈɡjuː(h)], [ˈɡuː(h)]
- (Arbëresh, Arvanitika) IPA(key): [ˈɡʎuhə]
- Rhymes: -uhə
Noun
[edit]gjuhë f (plural gjuhë or (dialectal) gjuhëra / gjuhëna, definite gjuha)
- tongue (organ)
- gjuhë lope e zier ― boiled beef tongue
- Dogji gjuhën.
- Burned its tongue.
- language, tongue
- gjuha shqipe ― the Albanian language
- register, speech, style
- language (generally, any form of communication)
- gjuha e muzikës ― music's language
- gjuha e bletëve ― bees' language
- (colloquial) local dialect
- (colloquial) Albanian, as a subject in school
Declension
[edit]singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
nominative | gjuhë | gjuha | gjuhë | gjuhët |
accusative | gjuhën | |||
dative | gjuhe | gjuhës | gjuhëve | gjuhëve |
ablative | gjuhësh |
Derived terms
[edit](multiword terms):
(compounds):
- gjuhëbilbil
- gjuhëbrisk
- gjuhëçarë
- gjuhëdele
- gjuhëdreri
- gjuhëgjarpër
- gjuhëgjatë
- gjuhëhelm
- gjuhëkrijues
- gjuhëkuq
- gjuhëlashtë
- gjuhëlëshuar
- gjuhëlidhur
- gjuhëlopatë
- gjuhëlopë
- gjuhëllomkë
- gjuhëmbajtur
- gjuhëmite
- gjuhëmpirë
- gjuhëmprehtë
- gjuhënepërkë
- gjuhënuse
- gjuhëpremë
- gjuhëprerë
- gjuhëqen
- gjuhërrënduar
- gjuhëshkurtër
- gjuhëshkurtuar
- gjuhëshpatë
- gjuhështhurur
- gjuhëtrashë
- gjuhëtharë
- gjuhëthikë
- gjuhëzënë
- gjuhujëse
- gjuhustër
References
[edit]- ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “gjuhë”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 138
- ^ Huld, Martin E. (1984) “gjuhë”, in Basic Albanian Etymologies, Columbus: Slavica Publishers, →ISBN, page 71
- ^ Camarda, Demetrio (1864) Saggio di grammatologia comparata sulla lingua albanese (in Italian), Livorno: Successore di Egisto Vignozzi
- ^ Meyer, G. (1891) “ǵuan”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch der albanesischen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the Albanian Language] (in German), Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, , page 142
- “gjúh/ë,~a”, in FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language][1], 1980, page 625f.
- Mann, S. E. (1948) “gjuhë”, in An Historical Albanian–English Dictionary, London: Longmans, Green & Co., page 149ab
- Tagliavini, Carlo (1937) “ǵu”, in L'albanese di Dalmazia. […] (in Italian), Florence: Leo S. Olschki, page 131
- Barić, Henrik (1919) Albanorumänishe studien. I. Teil (Zur Kunde der Balkanhalbinsel. Quellen und Forschungen; 7) (in German), Sarajevo: Institut für Balkanforschung, page 35
- Leotti, Angelo (1916) “gjuhën-a”, in L'albanese parlato (in Italian), Milan: U. Hoepli, page 83
- Weigand, Gustav (1914) “gjuhën-a […] gjuh-a”, in Albanesisch–deutsches und deutsch–albanesisches Wörterbuch (in German), Leipzig: J. A. Barth, page 26a
- Kristoforidhi, Kostandin (1904) “γϳούχ̇ε̯”, in Λεξικὸν τῆς Ἀλβανικῆς γλώσσης [Lexikòn tês Albanikês glṓssēs] (in Greek), Athens, page 83f.
- Jungg, G. (1895) “ghiuh”, in Fialuur i voghel sccȣp e ltinisct [Small Albanian–Italian dictionary], page 38a
- Rossi, F. (1875) Vocabolario della lingua epirotica–italiana (in Italian), page 466f.
- Bardhi, Frang (1635) Dictionarium Latino Epiroticum (overall work in Latin and Albanian), page 49: “lingua — giuha”
Categories:
- Albanian terms with unknown etymologies
- Albanian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Albanian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Albanian 2-syllable words
- Albanian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Albanian/uhə
- Rhymes:Albanian/uhə/2 syllables
- Albanian lemmas
- Albanian nouns
- Albanian feminine nouns
- sq:Body parts
- Albanian terms with collocations
- Albanian terms with usage examples
- Albanian colloquialisms