gcwala

Swazi

Verb

-gcwála

1. to be full

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Xhosa

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

-gcwála

1. (intransitive) to be full

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Etymology

Hlonipha form of zala, from Proto-Bantu *-jíjada.

Verb

-gcwála

1. (intransitive) to be full

Inflection

Tone H
Infinitive	ukugcwala
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukugcwala	ukungagcwali
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	gcwala	-gcwale
Plural	gcwalani	-gcwaleni
	Stative
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngigcwele	engigcwele	ngigcwele	angigcwele	engingagcwele	ngingagcwele
2nd singular	ugcwele	ogcwele	ugcwele	awugcwele	ongagcwele	ungagcwele
1st plural	sigcwele	esigcwele	sigcwele	asigcwele	esingagcwele	singagcwele
2nd plural	nigcwele	enigcwele	nigcwele	anigcwele	eningagcwele	ningagcwele
Class 1	ugcwele	ogcwele	egcwele	akagcwele	ongagcwele	engagcwele
Class 2	bagcwele	abagcwele	begcwele	abagcwele	abangagcwele	bengagcwele
Class 3	ugcwele	ogcwele	ugcwele	awugcwele	ongagcwele	ongagcwele
Class 4	igcwele	egcwele	igcwele	ayigcwele	engagcwele	ingagcwele
Class 5	ligcwele	eligcwele	ligcwele	aligcwele	elingagcwele	lingagcwele
Class 6	agcwele	agcwele	egcwele	awagcwele	angagcwele	engagcwele
Class 7	sigcwele	esigcwele	sigcwele	asigcwele	esingagcwele	singagcwele
Class 8	zigcwele	ezigcwele	zigcwele	azigcwele	ezingagcwele	zingagcwele
Class 9	igcwele	egcwele	igcwele	ayigcwele	engagcwele	ingagcwele
Class 10	zigcwele	ezigcwele	zigcwele	azigcwele	ezingagcwele	zingagcwele
Class 11	lugcwele	olugcwele	lugcwele	alugcwele	olungagcwele	lungagcwele
Class 14	bugcwele	obugcwele	bugcwele	abugcwele	obungagcwele	bungagcwele
Class 15	kugcwele	okugcwele	kugcwele	akugcwele	okungagcwele	kungagcwele
Class 17	kugcwele	okugcwele	kugcwele	akugcwele	okungagcwele	kungagcwele
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyagcwala, ngigcwala	engigcwalayo, engigcwala	ngigcwala	angigcwali	engingagcwali	ngingagcwali
2nd singular	uyagcwala, ugcwala	ogcwalayo, ogcwala	ugcwala	awugcwali	ongagcwali	ungagcwali
1st plural	siyagcwala, sigcwala	esigcwalayo, esigcwala	sigcwala	asigcwali	esingagcwali	singagcwali
2nd plural	niyagcwala, nigcwala	enigcwalayo, enigcwala	nigcwala	anigcwali	eningagcwali	ningagcwali
Class 1	uyagcwala, ugcwala	ogcwalayo, ogcwala	egcwala	akagcwali	ongagcwali	engagcwali
Class 2	bayagcwala, bagcwala	abagcwalayo, abagcwala	begcwala	abagcwali	abangagcwali	bengagcwali
Class 3	uyagcwala, ugcwala	ogcwalayo, ogcwala	ugcwala	awugcwali	ongagcwali	ungagcwali
Class 4	iyagcwala, igcwala	egcwalayo, egcwala	igcwala	ayigcwali	engagcwali	ingagcwali
Class 5	liyagcwala, ligcwala	eligcwalayo, eligcwala	ligcwala	aligcwali	elingagcwali	lingagcwali
Class 6	ayagcwala, agcwala	agcwalayo, agcwala	egcwala	awagcwali	angagcwali	engagcwali
Class 7	siyagcwala, sigcwala	esigcwalayo, esigcwala	sigcwala	asigcwali	esingagcwali	singagcwali
Class 8	ziyagcwala, zigcwala	ezigcwalayo, ezigcwala	zigcwala	azigcwali	ezingagcwali	zingagcwali
Class 9	iyagcwala, igcwala	egcwalayo, egcwala	igcwala	ayigcwali	engagcwali	ingagcwali
Class 10	ziyagcwala, zigcwala	ezigcwalayo, ezigcwala	zigcwala	azigcwali	ezingagcwali	zingagcwali
Class 11	luyagcwala, lugcwala	olugcwalayo, olugcwala	lugcwala	alugcwali	olungagcwali	lungagcwali
Class 14	buyagcwala, bugcwala	obugcwalayo, obugcwala	bugcwala	abugcwali	obungagcwali	bungagcwali
Class 15	kuyagcwala, kugcwala	okugcwalayo, okugcwala	kugcwala	akugcwali	okungagcwali	kungagcwali
Class 17	kuyagcwala, kugcwala	okugcwalayo, okugcwala	kugcwala	akugcwali	okungagcwali	kungagcwali
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngigcwalile, ngigcwalē	engigcwalile, engigcwalē	ngigcwalile, ngigcwalē	angigcwalanga	engingagcwalanga	ngingagcwalanga
2nd singular	ugcwalile, ugcwalē	ogcwalile, ogcwalē	ugcwalile, ugcwalē	awugcwalanga	ongagcwalanga	ungagcwalanga
1st plural	sigcwalile, sigcwalē	esigcwalile, esigcwalē	sigcwalile, sigcwalē	asigcwalanga	esingagcwalanga	singagcwalanga
2nd plural	nigcwalile, nigcwalē	enigcwalile, enigcwalē	nigcwalile, nigcwalē	anigcwalanga	eningagcwalanga	ningagcwalanga
Class 1	ugcwalile, ugcwalē	ogcwalile, ogcwalē	egcwalile, egcwalē	akagcwalanga	ongagcwalanga	engagcwalanga
Class 2	bagcwalile, bagcwalē	abagcwalile, abagcwalē	begcwalile, begcwalē	abagcwalanga	abangagcwalanga	bengagcwalanga
Class 3	ugcwalile, ugcwalē	ogcwalile, ogcwalē	ugcwalile, ugcwalē	awugcwalanga	ongagcwalanga	ungagcwalanga
Class 4	igcwalile, igcwalē	egcwalile, egcwalē	igcwalile, igcwalē	ayigcwalanga	engagcwalanga	ingagcwalanga
Class 5	ligcwalile, ligcwalē	eligcwalile, eligcwalē	ligcwalile, ligcwalē	aligcwalanga	elingagcwalanga	lingagcwalanga
Class 6	agcwalile, agcwalē	agcwalile, agcwalē	egcwalile, egcwalē	awagcwalanga	angagcwalanga	engagcwalanga
Class 7	sigcwalile, sigcwalē	esigcwalile, esigcwalē	sigcwalile, sigcwalē	asigcwalanga	esingagcwalanga	singagcwalanga
Class 8	zigcwalile, zigcwalē	ezigcwalile, ezigcwalē	zigcwalile, zigcwalē	azigcwalanga	ezingagcwalanga	zingagcwalanga
Class 9	igcwalile, igcwalē	egcwalile, egcwalē	igcwalile, igcwalē	ayigcwalanga	engagcwalanga	ingagcwalanga
Class 10	zigcwalile, zigcwalē	ezigcwalile, ezigcwalē	zigcwalile, zigcwalē	azigcwalanga	ezingagcwalanga	zingagcwalanga
Class 11	lugcwalile, lugcwalē	olugcwalile, olugcwalē	lugcwalile, lugcwalē	alugcwalanga	olungagcwalanga	lungagcwalanga
Class 14	bugcwalile, bugcwalē	obugcwalile, obugcwalē	bugcwalile, bugcwalē	abugcwalanga	obungagcwalanga	bungagcwalanga
Class 15	kugcwalile, kugcwalē	okugcwalile, okugcwalē	kugcwalile, kugcwalē	akugcwalanga	okungagcwalanga	kungagcwalanga
Class 17	kugcwalile, kugcwalē	okugcwalile, okugcwalē	kugcwalile, kugcwalē	akugcwalanga	okungagcwalanga	kungagcwalanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngāgcwala	engāgcwala	ngāgcwala	angigcwalanga	engingagcwalanga	ngingagcwalanga
2nd singular	wāgcwala	owāgcwala	wāgcwala	awugcwalanga	ongagcwalanga	ungagcwalanga
1st plural	sāgcwala	esāgcwala	sāgcwala	asigcwalanga	esingagcwalanga	singagcwalanga
2nd plural	nāgcwala	enāgcwala	nāgcwala	anigcwalanga	eningagcwalanga	ningagcwalanga
Class 1	wāgcwala	owāgcwala	āgcwala	akagcwalanga	ongagcwalanga	engagcwalanga
Class 2	bāgcwala	abāgcwala	bāgcwala	abagcwalanga	abangagcwalanga	bengagcwalanga
Class 3	wāgcwala	owāgcwala	wāgcwala	awugcwalanga	ongagcwalanga	ungagcwalanga
Class 4	yāgcwala	eyāgcwala	yāgcwala	ayigcwalanga	engagcwalanga	ingagcwalanga
Class 5	lāgcwala	elāgcwala	lāgcwala	aligcwalanga	elingagcwalanga	lingagcwalanga
Class 6	āgcwala	āgcwala	āgcwala	awagcwalanga	angagcwalanga	engagcwalanga
Class 7	sāgcwala	esāgcwala	sāgcwala	asigcwalanga	esingagcwalanga	singagcwalanga
Class 8	zāgcwala	ezāgcwala	zāgcwala	azigcwalanga	ezingagcwalanga	zingagcwalanga
Class 9	yāgcwala	eyāgcwala	yāgcwala	ayigcwalanga	engagcwalanga	ingagcwalanga
Class 10	zāgcwala	ezāgcwala	zāgcwala	azigcwalanga	ezingagcwalanga	zingagcwalanga
Class 11	lwāgcwala	olwāgcwala	lwāgcwala	alugcwalanga	olungagcwalanga	lungagcwalanga
Class 14	bāgcwala	obāgcwala	bāgcwala	abugcwalanga	obungagcwalanga	bungagcwalanga
Class 15	kwāgcwala	okwāgcwala	kwāgcwala	akugcwalanga	okungagcwalanga	kungagcwalanga
Class 17	kwāgcwala	okwāgcwala	kwāgcwala	akugcwalanga	okungagcwalanga	kungagcwalanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingagcwala	—	ngingagcwala	ngingegcwale	—	ngingegcwale
2nd singular	ungagcwala	—	ungagcwala	ungegcwale	—	ungegcwale
1st plural	singagcwala	—	singagcwala	singegcwale	—	singegcwale
2nd plural	ningagcwala	—	ningagcwala	ningegcwale	—	ningegcwale
Class 1	angagcwala	—	engagcwala	angegcwale	—	engegcwale
Class 2	bangagcwala	—	bengagcwala	bangegcwale	—	bengegcwale
Class 3	ungagcwala	—	ungagcwala	ungegcwale	—	ungegcwale
Class 4	ingagcwala	—	ingagcwala	ingegcwale	—	ingegcwale
Class 5	lingagcwala	—	lingagcwala	lingegcwale	—	lingegcwale
Class 6	angagcwala	—	engagcwala	angegcwale	—	engegcwale
Class 7	singagcwala	—	singagcwala	singegcwale	—	singegcwale
Class 8	zingagcwala	—	zingagcwala	zingegcwale	—	zingegcwale
Class 9	ingagcwala	—	ingagcwala	ingegcwale	—	ingegcwale
Class 10	zingagcwala	—	zingagcwala	zingegcwale	—	zingegcwale
Class 11	lungagcwala	—	lungagcwala	lungegcwale	—	lungegcwale
Class 14	bungagcwala	—	bungagcwala	bungegcwale	—	bungegcwale
Class 15	kungagcwala	—	kungagcwala	kungegcwale	—	kungegcwale
Class 17	kungagcwala	—	kungagcwala	kungegcwale	—	kungegcwale
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizogcwala	engizogcwala	ngizogcwala	angizugcwala	engingezugcwala	ngingezugcwala
2nd singular	uzogcwala	ozogcwala	uzogcwala	awuzugcwala	ongezugcwala	ungezugcwala
1st plural	sizogcwala	esizogcwala	sizogcwala	asizugcwala	esingezugcwala	singezugcwala
2nd plural	nizogcwala	enizogcwala	nizogcwala	anizugcwala	eningezugcwala	ningezugcwala
Class 1	uzogcwala	ozogcwala	ezogcwala	akazugcwala	ongezugcwala	engezugcwala
Class 2	bazogcwala	abazogcwala	bezogcwala	abazugcwala	abangezugcwala	bengezugcwala
Class 3	uzogcwala	ozogcwala	uzogcwala	awuzugcwala	ongezugcwala	ungezugcwala
Class 4	izogcwala	ezogcwala	izogcwala	ayizugcwala	engezugcwala	ingezugcwala
Class 5	lizogcwala	elizogcwala	lizogcwala	alizugcwala	elingezugcwala	lingezugcwala
Class 6	azogcwala	azogcwala	ezogcwala	awazugcwala	angezugcwala	engezugcwala
Class 7	sizogcwala	esizogcwala	sizogcwala	asizugcwala	esingezugcwala	singezugcwala
Class 8	zizogcwala	ezizogcwala	zizogcwala	azizugcwala	ezingezugcwala	zingezugcwala
Class 9	izogcwala	ezogcwala	izogcwala	ayizugcwala	engezugcwala	ingezugcwala
Class 10	zizogcwala	ezizogcwala	zizogcwala	azizugcwala	ezingezugcwala	zingezugcwala
Class 11	luzogcwala	oluzogcwala	luzogcwala	aluzugcwala	olungezugcwala	lungezugcwala
Class 14	buzogcwala	obuzogcwala	buzogcwala	abuzugcwala	obungezugcwala	bungezugcwala
Class 15	kuzogcwala	okuzogcwala	kuzogcwala	akuzugcwala	okungezugcwala	kungezugcwala
Class 17	kuzogcwala	okuzogcwala	kuzogcwala	akuzugcwala	okungezugcwala	kungezugcwala
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyogcwala	engiyogcwala	ngiyogcwala	angiyugcwala	engingeyugcwala	ngingeyugcwala
2nd singular	uyogcwala	oyogcwala	uyogcwala	awuyugcwala	ongeyugcwala	ungeyugcwala
1st plural	siyogcwala	esiyogcwala	siyogcwala	asiyugcwala	esingeyugcwala	singeyugcwala
2nd plural	niyogcwala	eniyogcwala	niyogcwala	aniyugcwala	eningeyugcwala	ningeyugcwala
Class 1	uyogcwala	oyogcwala	eyogcwala	akayugcwala	ongeyugcwala	engeyugcwala
Class 2	bayogcwala	abayogcwala	beyogcwala	abayugcwala	abangeyugcwala	bengeyugcwala
Class 3	uyogcwala	oyogcwala	uyogcwala	awuyugcwala	ongeyugcwala	ungeyugcwala
Class 4	iyogcwala	eyogcwala	iyogcwala	ayiyugcwala	engeyugcwala	ingeyugcwala
Class 5	liyogcwala	eliyogcwala	liyogcwala	aliyugcwala	elingeyugcwala	lingeyugcwala
Class 6	ayogcwala	ayogcwala	eyogcwala	awayugcwala	angeyugcwala	engeyugcwala
Class 7	siyogcwala	esiyogcwala	siyogcwala	asiyugcwala	esingeyugcwala	singeyugcwala
Class 8	ziyogcwala	eziyogcwala	ziyogcwala	aziyugcwala	ezingeyugcwala	zingeyugcwala
Class 9	iyogcwala	eyogcwala	iyogcwala	ayiyugcwala	engeyugcwala	ingeyugcwala
Class 10	ziyogcwala	eziyogcwala	ziyogcwala	aziyugcwala	ezingeyugcwala	zingeyugcwala
Class 11	luyogcwala	oluyogcwala	luyogcwala	aluyugcwala	olungeyugcwala	lungeyugcwala
Class 14	buyogcwala	obuyogcwala	buyogcwala	abuyugcwala	obungeyugcwala	bungeyugcwala
Class 15	kuyogcwala	okuyogcwala	kuyogcwala	akuyugcwala	okungeyugcwala	kungeyugcwala
Class 17	kuyogcwala	okuyogcwala	kuyogcwala	akuyugcwala	okungeyugcwala	kungeyugcwala
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngigcwale	ngingagcwali
2nd singular	ugcwale	ungagcwali
1st plural	sigcwale	singagcwali
2nd plural	nigcwale	ningagcwali
Class 1	agcwale	angagcwali
Class 2	bagcwale	bangagcwali
Class 3	ugcwale	ungagcwali
Class 4	igcwale	ingagcwali
Class 5	ligcwale	lingagcwali
Class 6	agcwale	angagcwali
Class 7	sigcwale	singagcwali
Class 8	zigcwale	zingagcwali
Class 9	igcwale	ingagcwali
Class 10	zigcwale	zingagcwali
Class 11	lugcwale	lungagcwali
Class 14	bugcwale	bungagcwali
Class 15	kugcwale	kungagcwali
Class 17	kugcwale	kungagcwali
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngagcwala	ngangagcwala, angagcwala, angangagcwala
2nd singular	wagcwala	wangagcwala, awagcwala, awangagcwala
1st plural	sagcwala	sangagcwala, asagcwala, asangagcwala
2nd plural	nagcwala	nangagcwala, anagcwala, anangagcwala
Class 1	wagcwala	wangagcwala, akagcwala, akangagcwala
Class 2	bagcwala	bangagcwala, abagcwala, abangagcwala
Class 3	wagcwala	wangagcwala, awagcwala, awangagcwala
Class 4	yagcwala	yangagcwala, ayagcwala, ayangagcwala
Class 5	lagcwala	langagcwala, alagcwala, alangagcwala
Class 6	agcwala	angagcwala, awagcwala, awangagcwala
Class 7	sagcwala	sangagcwala, asagcwala, asangagcwala
Class 8	zagcwala	zangagcwala, azagcwala, azangagcwala
Class 9	yagcwala	yangagcwala, ayagcwala, ayangagcwala
Class 10	zagcwala	zangagcwala, azagcwala, azangagcwala
Class 11	lwagcwala	lwangagcwala, alwagcwala, alwangagcwala
Class 14	bagcwala	bangagcwala, abagcwala, abangagcwala
Class 15	kwagcwala	kwangagcwala, akwagcwala, akwangagcwala
Class 17	kwagcwala	kwangagcwala, akwagcwala, akwangagcwala

References

• C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “gcwala”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “gcwala (3.9)”