Tone unknown
|
Infinitive
|
ukufowunela
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
Infinitive
|
ukufowunela
|
ukungafowuneli
|
|
Imperative
|
|
Simple
|
+ object concord
|
Singular
|
fowunela
|
-fowunele
|
Plural
|
fowunelani
|
-fowuneleni
|
|
Present
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyafowunela, ngifowunela
|
engifowunelayo, engifowunela
|
ngifowunela
|
angifowuneli
|
engingafowuneli
|
ngingafowuneli
|
2nd singular
|
uyafowunela, ufowunela
|
ofowunelayo, ofowunela
|
ufowunela
|
awufowuneli
|
ongafowuneli
|
ungafowuneli
|
1st plural
|
siyafowunela, sifowunela
|
esifowunelayo, esifowunela
|
sifowunela
|
asifowuneli
|
esingafowuneli
|
singafowuneli
|
2nd plural
|
niyafowunela, nifowunela
|
enifowunelayo, enifowunela
|
nifowunela
|
anifowuneli
|
eningafowuneli
|
ningafowuneli
|
Class 1
|
uyafowunela, ufowunela
|
ofowunelayo, ofowunela
|
efowunela
|
akafowuneli
|
ongafowuneli
|
engafowuneli
|
Class 2
|
bayafowunela, bafowunela
|
abafowunelayo, abafowunela
|
befowunela
|
abafowuneli
|
abangafowuneli
|
bengafowuneli
|
Class 3
|
uyafowunela, ufowunela
|
ofowunelayo, ofowunela
|
ufowunela
|
awufowuneli
|
ongafowuneli
|
ungafowuneli
|
Class 4
|
iyafowunela, ifowunela
|
efowunelayo, efowunela
|
ifowunela
|
ayifowuneli
|
engafowuneli
|
ingafowuneli
|
Class 5
|
liyafowunela, lifowunela
|
elifowunelayo, elifowunela
|
lifowunela
|
alifowuneli
|
elingafowuneli
|
lingafowuneli
|
Class 6
|
ayafowunela, afowunela
|
afowunelayo, afowunela
|
efowunela
|
awafowuneli
|
angafowuneli
|
engafowuneli
|
Class 7
|
siyafowunela, sifowunela
|
esifowunelayo, esifowunela
|
sifowunela
|
asifowuneli
|
esingafowuneli
|
singafowuneli
|
Class 8
|
ziyafowunela, zifowunela
|
ezifowunelayo, ezifowunela
|
zifowunela
|
azifowuneli
|
ezingafowuneli
|
zingafowuneli
|
Class 9
|
iyafowunela, ifowunela
|
efowunelayo, efowunela
|
ifowunela
|
ayifowuneli
|
engafowuneli
|
ingafowuneli
|
Class 10
|
ziyafowunela, zifowunela
|
ezifowunelayo, ezifowunela
|
zifowunela
|
azifowuneli
|
ezingafowuneli
|
zingafowuneli
|
Class 11
|
luyafowunela, lufowunela
|
olufowunelayo, olufowunela
|
lufowunela
|
alufowuneli
|
olungafowuneli
|
lungafowuneli
|
Class 14
|
buyafowunela, bufowunela
|
obufowunelayo, obufowunela
|
bufowunela
|
abufowuneli
|
obungafowuneli
|
bungafowuneli
|
Class 15
|
kuyafowunela, kufowunela
|
okufowunelayo, okufowunela
|
kufowunela
|
akufowuneli
|
okungafowuneli
|
kungafowuneli
|
Class 17
|
kuyafowunela, kufowunela
|
okufowunelayo, okufowunela
|
kufowunela
|
akufowuneli
|
okungafowuneli
|
kungafowuneli
|
|
Recent past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngifowunelile, ngifowunelē
|
engifowunelile, engifowunelē
|
ngifowunelile, ngifowunelē
|
angifowunelanga
|
engingafowunelanga
|
ngingafowunelanga
|
2nd singular
|
ufowunelile, ufowunelē
|
ofowunelile, ofowunelē
|
ufowunelile, ufowunelē
|
awufowunelanga
|
ongafowunelanga
|
ungafowunelanga
|
1st plural
|
sifowunelile, sifowunelē
|
esifowunelile, esifowunelē
|
sifowunelile, sifowunelē
|
asifowunelanga
|
esingafowunelanga
|
singafowunelanga
|
2nd plural
|
nifowunelile, nifowunelē
|
enifowunelile, enifowunelē
|
nifowunelile, nifowunelē
|
anifowunelanga
|
eningafowunelanga
|
ningafowunelanga
|
Class 1
|
ufowunelile, ufowunelē
|
ofowunelile, ofowunelē
|
efowunelile, efowunelē
|
akafowunelanga
|
ongafowunelanga
|
engafowunelanga
|
Class 2
|
bafowunelile, bafowunelē
|
abafowunelile, abafowunelē
|
befowunelile, befowunelē
|
abafowunelanga
|
abangafowunelanga
|
bengafowunelanga
|
Class 3
|
ufowunelile, ufowunelē
|
ofowunelile, ofowunelē
|
ufowunelile, ufowunelē
|
awufowunelanga
|
ongafowunelanga
|
ungafowunelanga
|
Class 4
|
ifowunelile, ifowunelē
|
efowunelile, efowunelē
|
ifowunelile, ifowunelē
|
ayifowunelanga
|
engafowunelanga
|
ingafowunelanga
|
Class 5
|
lifowunelile, lifowunelē
|
elifowunelile, elifowunelē
|
lifowunelile, lifowunelē
|
alifowunelanga
|
elingafowunelanga
|
lingafowunelanga
|
Class 6
|
afowunelile, afowunelē
|
afowunelile, afowunelē
|
efowunelile, efowunelē
|
awafowunelanga
|
angafowunelanga
|
engafowunelanga
|
Class 7
|
sifowunelile, sifowunelē
|
esifowunelile, esifowunelē
|
sifowunelile, sifowunelē
|
asifowunelanga
|
esingafowunelanga
|
singafowunelanga
|
Class 8
|
zifowunelile, zifowunelē
|
ezifowunelile, ezifowunelē
|
zifowunelile, zifowunelē
|
azifowunelanga
|
ezingafowunelanga
|
zingafowunelanga
|
Class 9
|
ifowunelile, ifowunelē
|
efowunelile, efowunelē
|
ifowunelile, ifowunelē
|
ayifowunelanga
|
engafowunelanga
|
ingafowunelanga
|
Class 10
|
zifowunelile, zifowunelē
|
ezifowunelile, ezifowunelē
|
zifowunelile, zifowunelē
|
azifowunelanga
|
ezingafowunelanga
|
zingafowunelanga
|
Class 11
|
lufowunelile, lufowunelē
|
olufowunelile, olufowunelē
|
lufowunelile, lufowunelē
|
alufowunelanga
|
olungafowunelanga
|
lungafowunelanga
|
Class 14
|
bufowunelile, bufowunelē
|
obufowunelile, obufowunelē
|
bufowunelile, bufowunelē
|
abufowunelanga
|
obungafowunelanga
|
bungafowunelanga
|
Class 15
|
kufowunelile, kufowunelē
|
okufowunelile, okufowunelē
|
kufowunelile, kufowunelē
|
akufowunelanga
|
okungafowunelanga
|
kungafowunelanga
|
Class 17
|
kufowunelile, kufowunelē
|
okufowunelile, okufowunelē
|
kufowunelile, kufowunelē
|
akufowunelanga
|
okungafowunelanga
|
kungafowunelanga
|
|
Remote past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngāfowunela
|
engāfowunela
|
ngāfowunela
|
angifowunelanga
|
engingafowunelanga
|
ngingafowunelanga
|
2nd singular
|
wāfowunela
|
owāfowunela
|
wāfowunela
|
awufowunelanga
|
ongafowunelanga
|
ungafowunelanga
|
1st plural
|
sāfowunela
|
esāfowunela
|
sāfowunela
|
asifowunelanga
|
esingafowunelanga
|
singafowunelanga
|
2nd plural
|
nāfowunela
|
enāfowunela
|
nāfowunela
|
anifowunelanga
|
eningafowunelanga
|
ningafowunelanga
|
Class 1
|
wāfowunela
|
owāfowunela
|
āfowunela
|
akafowunelanga
|
ongafowunelanga
|
engafowunelanga
|
Class 2
|
bāfowunela
|
abāfowunela
|
bāfowunela
|
abafowunelanga
|
abangafowunelanga
|
bengafowunelanga
|
Class 3
|
wāfowunela
|
owāfowunela
|
wāfowunela
|
awufowunelanga
|
ongafowunelanga
|
ungafowunelanga
|
Class 4
|
yāfowunela
|
eyāfowunela
|
yāfowunela
|
ayifowunelanga
|
engafowunelanga
|
ingafowunelanga
|
Class 5
|
lāfowunela
|
elāfowunela
|
lāfowunela
|
alifowunelanga
|
elingafowunelanga
|
lingafowunelanga
|
Class 6
|
āfowunela
|
āfowunela
|
āfowunela
|
awafowunelanga
|
angafowunelanga
|
engafowunelanga
|
Class 7
|
sāfowunela
|
esāfowunela
|
sāfowunela
|
asifowunelanga
|
esingafowunelanga
|
singafowunelanga
|
Class 8
|
zāfowunela
|
ezāfowunela
|
zāfowunela
|
azifowunelanga
|
ezingafowunelanga
|
zingafowunelanga
|
Class 9
|
yāfowunela
|
eyāfowunela
|
yāfowunela
|
ayifowunelanga
|
engafowunelanga
|
ingafowunelanga
|
Class 10
|
zāfowunela
|
ezāfowunela
|
zāfowunela
|
azifowunelanga
|
ezingafowunelanga
|
zingafowunelanga
|
Class 11
|
lwāfowunela
|
olwāfowunela
|
lwāfowunela
|
alufowunelanga
|
olungafowunelanga
|
lungafowunelanga
|
Class 14
|
bāfowunela
|
obāfowunela
|
bāfowunela
|
abufowunelanga
|
obungafowunelanga
|
bungafowunelanga
|
Class 15
|
kwāfowunela
|
okwāfowunela
|
kwāfowunela
|
akufowunelanga
|
okungafowunelanga
|
kungafowunelanga
|
Class 17
|
kwāfowunela
|
okwāfowunela
|
kwāfowunela
|
akufowunelanga
|
okungafowunelanga
|
kungafowunelanga
|
|
Potential
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngingafowunela
|
—
|
ngingafowunela
|
ngingefowunele
|
—
|
ngingefowunele
|
2nd singular
|
ungafowunela
|
—
|
ungafowunela
|
ungefowunele
|
—
|
ungefowunele
|
1st plural
|
singafowunela
|
—
|
singafowunela
|
singefowunele
|
—
|
singefowunele
|
2nd plural
|
ningafowunela
|
—
|
ningafowunela
|
ningefowunele
|
—
|
ningefowunele
|
Class 1
|
angafowunela
|
—
|
engafowunela
|
angefowunele
|
—
|
engefowunele
|
Class 2
|
bangafowunela
|
—
|
bengafowunela
|
bangefowunele
|
—
|
bengefowunele
|
Class 3
|
ungafowunela
|
—
|
ungafowunela
|
ungefowunele
|
—
|
ungefowunele
|
Class 4
|
ingafowunela
|
—
|
ingafowunela
|
ingefowunele
|
—
|
ingefowunele
|
Class 5
|
lingafowunela
|
—
|
lingafowunela
|
lingefowunele
|
—
|
lingefowunele
|
Class 6
|
angafowunela
|
—
|
engafowunela
|
angefowunele
|
—
|
engefowunele
|
Class 7
|
singafowunela
|
—
|
singafowunela
|
singefowunele
|
—
|
singefowunele
|
Class 8
|
zingafowunela
|
—
|
zingafowunela
|
zingefowunele
|
—
|
zingefowunele
|
Class 9
|
ingafowunela
|
—
|
ingafowunela
|
ingefowunele
|
—
|
ingefowunele
|
Class 10
|
zingafowunela
|
—
|
zingafowunela
|
zingefowunele
|
—
|
zingefowunele
|
Class 11
|
lungafowunela
|
—
|
lungafowunela
|
lungefowunele
|
—
|
lungefowunele
|
Class 14
|
bungafowunela
|
—
|
bungafowunela
|
bungefowunele
|
—
|
bungefowunele
|
Class 15
|
kungafowunela
|
—
|
kungafowunela
|
kungefowunele
|
—
|
kungefowunele
|
Class 17
|
kungafowunela
|
—
|
kungafowunela
|
kungefowunele
|
—
|
kungefowunele
|
|
Immediate future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngizofowunela
|
engizofowunela
|
ngizofowunela
|
angizufowunela
|
engingezufowunela
|
ngingezufowunela
|
2nd singular
|
uzofowunela
|
ozofowunela
|
uzofowunela
|
awuzufowunela
|
ongezufowunela
|
ungezufowunela
|
1st plural
|
sizofowunela
|
esizofowunela
|
sizofowunela
|
asizufowunela
|
esingezufowunela
|
singezufowunela
|
2nd plural
|
nizofowunela
|
enizofowunela
|
nizofowunela
|
anizufowunela
|
eningezufowunela
|
ningezufowunela
|
Class 1
|
uzofowunela
|
ozofowunela
|
ezofowunela
|
akazufowunela
|
ongezufowunela
|
engezufowunela
|
Class 2
|
bazofowunela
|
abazofowunela
|
bezofowunela
|
abazufowunela
|
abangezufowunela
|
bengezufowunela
|
Class 3
|
uzofowunela
|
ozofowunela
|
uzofowunela
|
awuzufowunela
|
ongezufowunela
|
ungezufowunela
|
Class 4
|
izofowunela
|
ezofowunela
|
izofowunela
|
ayizufowunela
|
engezufowunela
|
ingezufowunela
|
Class 5
|
lizofowunela
|
elizofowunela
|
lizofowunela
|
alizufowunela
|
elingezufowunela
|
lingezufowunela
|
Class 6
|
azofowunela
|
azofowunela
|
ezofowunela
|
awazufowunela
|
angezufowunela
|
engezufowunela
|
Class 7
|
sizofowunela
|
esizofowunela
|
sizofowunela
|
asizufowunela
|
esingezufowunela
|
singezufowunela
|
Class 8
|
zizofowunela
|
ezizofowunela
|
zizofowunela
|
azizufowunela
|
ezingezufowunela
|
zingezufowunela
|
Class 9
|
izofowunela
|
ezofowunela
|
izofowunela
|
ayizufowunela
|
engezufowunela
|
ingezufowunela
|
Class 10
|
zizofowunela
|
ezizofowunela
|
zizofowunela
|
azizufowunela
|
ezingezufowunela
|
zingezufowunela
|
Class 11
|
luzofowunela
|
oluzofowunela
|
luzofowunela
|
aluzufowunela
|
olungezufowunela
|
lungezufowunela
|
Class 14
|
buzofowunela
|
obuzofowunela
|
buzofowunela
|
abuzufowunela
|
obungezufowunela
|
bungezufowunela
|
Class 15
|
kuzofowunela
|
okuzofowunela
|
kuzofowunela
|
akuzufowunela
|
okungezufowunela
|
kungezufowunela
|
Class 17
|
kuzofowunela
|
okuzofowunela
|
kuzofowunela
|
akuzufowunela
|
okungezufowunela
|
kungezufowunela
|
|
Remote future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyofowunela
|
engiyofowunela
|
ngiyofowunela
|
angiyufowunela
|
engingeyufowunela
|
ngingeyufowunela
|
2nd singular
|
uyofowunela
|
oyofowunela
|
uyofowunela
|
awuyufowunela
|
ongeyufowunela
|
ungeyufowunela
|
1st plural
|
siyofowunela
|
esiyofowunela
|
siyofowunela
|
asiyufowunela
|
esingeyufowunela
|
singeyufowunela
|
2nd plural
|
niyofowunela
|
eniyofowunela
|
niyofowunela
|
aniyufowunela
|
eningeyufowunela
|
ningeyufowunela
|
Class 1
|
uyofowunela
|
oyofowunela
|
eyofowunela
|
akayufowunela
|
ongeyufowunela
|
engeyufowunela
|
Class 2
|
bayofowunela
|
abayofowunela
|
beyofowunela
|
abayufowunela
|
abangeyufowunela
|
bengeyufowunela
|
Class 3
|
uyofowunela
|
oyofowunela
|
uyofowunela
|
awuyufowunela
|
ongeyufowunela
|
ungeyufowunela
|
Class 4
|
iyofowunela
|
eyofowunela
|
iyofowunela
|
ayiyufowunela
|
engeyufowunela
|
ingeyufowunela
|
Class 5
|
liyofowunela
|
eliyofowunela
|
liyofowunela
|
aliyufowunela
|
elingeyufowunela
|
lingeyufowunela
|
Class 6
|
ayofowunela
|
ayofowunela
|
eyofowunela
|
awayufowunela
|
angeyufowunela
|
engeyufowunela
|
Class 7
|
siyofowunela
|
esiyofowunela
|
siyofowunela
|
asiyufowunela
|
esingeyufowunela
|
singeyufowunela
|
Class 8
|
ziyofowunela
|
eziyofowunela
|
ziyofowunela
|
aziyufowunela
|
ezingeyufowunela
|
zingeyufowunela
|
Class 9
|
iyofowunela
|
eyofowunela
|
iyofowunela
|
ayiyufowunela
|
engeyufowunela
|
ingeyufowunela
|
Class 10
|
ziyofowunela
|
eziyofowunela
|
ziyofowunela
|
aziyufowunela
|
ezingeyufowunela
|
zingeyufowunela
|
Class 11
|
luyofowunela
|
oluyofowunela
|
luyofowunela
|
aluyufowunela
|
olungeyufowunela
|
lungeyufowunela
|
Class 14
|
buyofowunela
|
obuyofowunela
|
buyofowunela
|
abuyufowunela
|
obungeyufowunela
|
bungeyufowunela
|
Class 15
|
kuyofowunela
|
okuyofowunela
|
kuyofowunela
|
akuyufowunela
|
okungeyufowunela
|
kungeyufowunela
|
Class 17
|
kuyofowunela
|
okuyofowunela
|
kuyofowunela
|
akuyufowunela
|
okungeyufowunela
|
kungeyufowunela
|
|
Present subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngifowunele
|
ngingafowuneli
|
2nd singular
|
ufowunele
|
ungafowuneli
|
1st plural
|
sifowunele
|
singafowuneli
|
2nd plural
|
nifowunele
|
ningafowuneli
|
Class 1
|
afowunele
|
angafowuneli
|
Class 2
|
bafowunele
|
bangafowuneli
|
Class 3
|
ufowunele
|
ungafowuneli
|
Class 4
|
ifowunele
|
ingafowuneli
|
Class 5
|
lifowunele
|
lingafowuneli
|
Class 6
|
afowunele
|
angafowuneli
|
Class 7
|
sifowunele
|
singafowuneli
|
Class 8
|
zifowunele
|
zingafowuneli
|
Class 9
|
ifowunele
|
ingafowuneli
|
Class 10
|
zifowunele
|
zingafowuneli
|
Class 11
|
lufowunele
|
lungafowuneli
|
Class 14
|
bufowunele
|
bungafowuneli
|
Class 15
|
kufowunele
|
kungafowuneli
|
Class 17
|
kufowunele
|
kungafowuneli
|
|
Past subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngafowunela
|
ngangafowunela, angafowunela, angangafowunela
|
2nd singular
|
wafowunela
|
wangafowunela, awafowunela, awangafowunela
|
1st plural
|
safowunela
|
sangafowunela, asafowunela, asangafowunela
|
2nd plural
|
nafowunela
|
nangafowunela, anafowunela, anangafowunela
|
Class 1
|
wafowunela
|
wangafowunela, akafowunela, akangafowunela
|
Class 2
|
bafowunela
|
bangafowunela, abafowunela, abangafowunela
|
Class 3
|
wafowunela
|
wangafowunela, awafowunela, awangafowunela
|
Class 4
|
yafowunela
|
yangafowunela, ayafowunela, ayangafowunela
|
Class 5
|
lafowunela
|
langafowunela, alafowunela, alangafowunela
|
Class 6
|
afowunela
|
angafowunela, awafowunela, awangafowunela
|
Class 7
|
safowunela
|
sangafowunela, asafowunela, asangafowunela
|
Class 8
|
zafowunela
|
zangafowunela, azafowunela, azangafowunela
|
Class 9
|
yafowunela
|
yangafowunela, ayafowunela, ayangafowunela
|
Class 10
|
zafowunela
|
zangafowunela, azafowunela, azangafowunela
|
Class 11
|
lwafowunela
|
lwangafowunela, alwafowunela, alwangafowunela
|
Class 14
|
bafowunela
|
bangafowunela, abafowunela, abangafowunela
|
Class 15
|
kwafowunela
|
kwangafowunela, akwafowunela, akwangafowunela
|
Class 17
|
kwafowunela
|
kwangafowunela, akwafowunela, akwangafowunela
|