forhabban
Old English
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]forhabban
- (transitive) to hold in, restrain, retain
- 1921, Joseph Bosworth, Thomas Northcote Toller, Bosworth-Toller Anglo-Saxon Dictionary Online:
- Hī ne mihton forhabban merestrēames mōd, ac hē manegum gescēod.
- They could not restrain the sea-stream's spirit/pride, but it separated for many.
- (transitive, reflexive) to restrain one's self from (+ fram)
- 1921, Joseph Bosworth, Thomas Northcote Toller, Bosworth-Toller Anglo-Saxon Dictionary Online:
- Forhæfde hē hine fram his gebēorscipe.
- He restrained himself from his beer party.
- (intransitive) to abstain, refrain (+ fram)
- 1921, Joseph Bosworth, Thomas Northcote Toller, Bosworth-Toller Anglo-Saxon Dictionary Online:
- Scolde hēo forhabban fram ingange Godes hūses.
- She must refrain from entering into God's house.
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of forhabban (weak class 3)
| infinitive | forhabban | forhæbbenne |
|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | present tense | past tense |
| first person singular | forhæbbe | forhæfde |
| second person singular | forhæfst | forhæfdest |
| third person singular | forhæfþ | forhæfde |
| plural | forhabbaþ | forhæfdon |
| subjunctive | present tense | past tense |
| singular | forhæbbe | forhæfde |
| plural | forhæbben | forhæfden |
| imperative | ||
| singular | forhafa | |
| plural | forhabbaþ | |
| participle | present | past |
| forhæbbende | forhæfd | |
Derived terms
[edit]- forhæbbend m (“one who stays abstinent”)
- forhæfed (“continent, abstinent”)
- forhæfednes f (“restraint, abstinence”)
References
[edit]- Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller (1898) “forhabban”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.