fꜣj

Egyptian

Pronunciation

 

• (reconstructed) IPA^(key): /ˈfiːʀit/ → /ˈfiːʀiʔ/ → /ˈfiːʔə/ → /ˈfiːʔ/

• (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈfiːʀit/
• (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈfiːʀiʔ/
• (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈfiːʔə/
• (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈfiːʔ/

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /fɑi/
  • Conventional anglicization: fai

Verb

 3ae inf.

1. (transitive) to carry
2. (transitive) to lift, to raise

Inflection

Conjugation of fꜣj (third weak / 3ae inf. / III. inf.) — base stem: fꜣ, geminated stem: fꜣꜣ

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
fꜣt, fꜣj	fꜣw, fꜣ	fꜣt, fꜣwt, fꜣyt	fꜣ	fꜣ, fꜣy

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
fꜣ8, fꜣꜣ8	ḥr fꜣt, ḥr fꜣj	m fꜣt, m fꜣj	r fꜣt, r fꜣj

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	fꜣ.n	fꜣw, fꜣ, fꜣy	consecutive	fꜣ.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	fꜣt, fꜣyt
perfective3	fꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	fꜣ.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	fꜣ, fꜣy	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	fꜣw, fꜣ, fꜣy	fꜣw, fꜣ, fꜣy	potentialis1	fꜣ.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	fꜣ, fꜣy	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	fꜣ.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	fꜣw1, fꜣy, fꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2	fꜣ	fꜣy, fꜣ
imperfective	fꜣꜣ, fꜣꜣy, fꜣꜣw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	fꜣꜣ, fꜣꜣj6, fꜣꜣy6	fꜣꜣ, fꜣꜣw5
prospective	fꜣw1, fꜣy, fꜣ, fꜣtj7	—	fꜣwtj1 4, fꜣtj4, fꜣt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine. Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of fꜣj  

fꜣj

Derived terms

• fꜣt

Descendants

• Coptic: ϥⲓ (fi)

References

• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 162.
• Hoch, James (1997) Middle Egyptian Grammar, Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN, page 112