exonérer

See also: exonerer

French

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin exonerāre.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɛɡ.zɔ.ne.ʁe/
Audio: (file)

Verb

exonérer

to exonerate

Conjugation

This verb is conjugated like céder. It is a regular -er verb, except that its last stem vowel alternates between /e/ (written 'é') and /ɛ/ (written 'è'), with the latter being used before mute 'e'. One special case is the future stem, used in the future and the conditional. Before 1990, the future stem of such verbs was written exonérer-, reflecting the historic pronunciation /e/. In 1990, the French Academy recommended that it be written exonèrer-, reflecting the now common pronunciation /ɛ/, thereby making this distinction consistent throughout the conjugation (and also matching in this regard the conjugations of verbs like lever and jeter). Both spellings are in use today, and both are therefore given here.

Conjugation of exonérer (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	compound	avoir + past participle
infinitive	simple	exonérer
present participle or gerund¹	simple	exonérant /ɛɡ.zɔ.ne.ʁɑ̃/
present participle or gerund¹	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		exonéré /ɛɡ.zɔ.ne.ʁe/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	exonère /ɛɡ.zɔ.nɛʁ/	exonères /ɛɡ.zɔ.nɛʁ/	exonère /ɛɡ.zɔ.nɛʁ/	exonérons /ɛɡ.zɔ.ne.ʁɔ̃/	exonérez /ɛɡ.zɔ.ne.ʁe/	exonèrent /ɛɡ.zɔ.nɛʁ/
	imperfect	exonérais /ɛɡ.zɔ.ne.ʁɛ/	exonérais /ɛɡ.zɔ.ne.ʁɛ/	exonérait /ɛɡ.zɔ.ne.ʁɛ/	exonérions /ɛɡ.zɔ.ne.ʁjɔ̃/	exonériez /ɛɡ.zɔ.ne.ʁje/	exonéraient /ɛɡ.zɔ.ne.ʁɛ/
	past historic²	exonérai /ɛɡ.zɔ.ne.ʁe/	exonéras /ɛɡ.zɔ.ne.ʁa/	exonéra /ɛɡ.zɔ.ne.ʁa/	exonérâmes /ɛɡ.zɔ.ne.ʁam/	exonérâtes /ɛɡ.zɔ.ne.ʁat/	exonérèrent /ɛɡ.zɔ.ne.ʁɛʁ/
	future	exonèrerai or exonérerai /ɛɡ.zɔ.nɛ.ʁə.ʁe/ or /ɛɡ.zɔ.ne.ʁə.ʁe/	exonèreras or exonéreras /ɛɡ.zɔ.nɛ.ʁə.ʁa/ or /ɛɡ.zɔ.ne.ʁə.ʁa/	exonèrera or exonérera /ɛɡ.zɔ.nɛ.ʁə.ʁa/ or /ɛɡ.zɔ.ne.ʁə.ʁa/	exonèrerons or exonérerons /ɛɡ.zɔ.nɛ.ʁə.ʁɔ̃/ or /ɛɡ.zɔ.ne.ʁə.ʁɔ̃/	exonèrerez or exonérerez /ɛɡ.zɔ.nɛ.ʁə.ʁe/ or /ɛɡ.zɔ.ne.ʁə.ʁe/	exonèreront or exonéreront /ɛɡ.zɔ.nɛ.ʁə.ʁɔ̃/ or /ɛɡ.zɔ.ne.ʁə.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	exonèrerais or exonérerais /ɛɡ.zɔ.nɛ.ʁə.ʁɛ/ or /ɛɡ.zɔ.ne.ʁə.ʁɛ/	exonèrerais or exonérerais /ɛɡ.zɔ.nɛ.ʁə.ʁɛ/ or /ɛɡ.zɔ.ne.ʁə.ʁɛ/	exonèrerait or exonérerait /ɛɡ.zɔ.nɛ.ʁə.ʁɛ/ or /ɛɡ.zɔ.ne.ʁə.ʁɛ/	exonèrerions or exonérerions /ɛɡ.zɔ.nɛ.ʁə.ʁjɔ̃/ or /ɛɡ.zɔ.ne.ʁə.ʁjɔ̃/	exonèreriez or exonéreriez /ɛɡ.zɔ.nɛ.ʁə.ʁje/ or /ɛɡ.zɔ.ne.ʁə.ʁje/	exonèreraient or exonéreraient /ɛɡ.zɔ.nɛ.ʁə.ʁɛ/ or /ɛɡ.zɔ.ne.ʁə.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior²	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	exonère /ɛɡ.zɔ.nɛʁ/	exonères /ɛɡ.zɔ.nɛʁ/	exonère /ɛɡ.zɔ.nɛʁ/	exonérions /ɛɡ.zɔ.ne.ʁjɔ̃/	exonériez /ɛɡ.zɔ.ne.ʁje/	exonèrent /ɛɡ.zɔ.nɛʁ/
(simple tenses)	imperfect²	exonérasse /ɛɡ.zɔ.ne.ʁas/	exonérasses /ɛɡ.zɔ.ne.ʁas/	exonérât /ɛɡ.zɔ.ne.ʁa/	exonérassions /ɛɡ.zɔ.ne.ʁa.sjɔ̃/	exonérassiez /ɛɡ.zɔ.ne.ʁa.sje/	exonérassent /ɛɡ.zɔ.ne.ʁas/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
(compound tenses)	pluperfect²	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	~~nous~~	~~vous~~	–
simple		—	exonère /ɛɡ.zɔ.nɛʁ/	—	exonérons /ɛɡ.zɔ.ne.ʁɔ̃/	exonérez /ɛɡ.zɔ.ne.ʁe/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
¹ The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
² In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).