escarificar

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Late Latin scarificāre, from Latin scarifāre (“to scarify”), from Ancient Greek σκαριφᾶσθαι (skariphâsthai, “scratch”), from σκάριφος (skáriphos, “writing, drawing, sketching”). Equivalent to escarbar (“to dig”) +‎ -ificar.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /eskaɾifiˈkaɾ/ [es.ka.ɾi.fiˈkaɾ]
Rhymes: -aɾ
Syllabification: es‧ca‧ri‧fi‧car

Verb

escarificar (first-person singular present escarifico, first-person singular preterite escarifiqué, past participle escarificado)

to harrow

Conjugation

Conjugation of escarificar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

		singular			plural
infinitive			escarificar
gerund			escarificando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		escarificado		escarificada
		plural		escarificados		escarificadas
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	escarifico	escarificas^{^tú} escarificás^{^vos}	escarifica	escarificamos	escarificáis	escarifican
	imperfect	escarificaba	escarificabas	escarificaba	escarificábamos	escarificabais	escarificaban
	preterite	escarifiqué	escarificaste	escarificó	escarificamos	escarificasteis	escarificaron
	future	escarificaré	escarificarás	escarificará	escarificaremos	escarificaréis	escarificarán
	conditional	escarificaría	escarificarías	escarificaría	escarificaríamos	escarificaríais	escarificarían

subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	escarifique	escarifiques^{^tú} escarifiqués^{^vos²}	escarifique	escarifiquemos	escarifiquéis	escarifiquen
	imperfect (ra)	escarificara	escarificaras	escarificara	escarificáramos	escarificarais	escarificaran
	imperfect (se)	escarificase	escarificases	escarificase	escarificásemos	escarificaseis	escarificasen
	future¹	escarificare	escarificares	escarificare	escarificáremos	escarificareis	escarificaren

imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		escarifica^{^tú} escarificá^{^vos}	escarifique	escarifiquemos	escarificad	escarifiquen
	negative		no escarifiques	no escarifique	no escarifiquemos	no escarifiquéis	no escarifiquen

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

Selected combined forms of escarificar (c-qu alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive escarificar	dative	escarificarme	escarificarte	escarificarle, escarificarse	escarificarnos	escarificaros	escarificarles, escarificarse
with infinitive escarificar	accusative	escarificarme	escarificarte	escarificarlo, escarificarla, escarificarse	escarificarnos	escarificaros	escarificarlos, escarificarlas, escarificarse

with gerund escarificando	dative	escarificándome	escarificándote	escarificándole, escarificándose	escarificándonos	escarificándoos	escarificándoles, escarificándose
with gerund escarificando	accusative	escarificándome	escarificándote	escarificándolo, escarificándola, escarificándose	escarificándonos	escarificándoos	escarificándolos, escarificándolas, escarificándose

with informal second-person singular tú imperative escarifica	dative	escarifícame	escarifícate	escarifícale	escarifícanos	not used	escarifícales
	accusative	escarifícame	escarifícate	escarifícalo, escarifícala	escarifícanos	not used	escarifícalos, escarifícalas

with informal second-person singular vos imperative escarificá	dative	escarificame	escarificate	escarificale	escarificanos	not used	escarificales
	accusative	escarificame	escarificate	escarificalo, escarificala	escarificanos	not used	escarificalos, escarificalas

with formal second-person singular imperative escarifique	dative	escarifíqueme	not used	escarifíquele, escarifíquese	escarifíquenos	not used	escarifíqueles
with formal second-person singular imperative escarifique	accusative	escarifíqueme	not used	escarifíquelo, escarifíquela, escarifíquese	escarifíquenos	not used	escarifíquelos, escarifíquelas

with first-person plural imperative escarifiquemos	dative	not used	escarifiquémoste	escarifiquémosle	escarifiquémonos	escarifiquémoos	escarifiquémosles
with first-person plural imperative escarifiquemos	accusative	not used	escarifiquémoste	escarifiquémoslo, escarifiquémosla	escarifiquémonos	escarifiquémoos	escarifiquémoslos, escarifiquémoslas

with informal second-person plural imperative escarificad	dative	escarificadme	not used	escarificadle	escarificadnos	escarificaos	escarificadles
with informal second-person plural imperative escarificad	accusative	escarificadme	not used	escarificadlo, escarificadla	escarificadnos	escarificaos	escarificadlos, escarificadlas

with formal second-person plural imperative escarifiquen	dative	escarifíquenme	not used	escarifíquenle	escarifíquennos	not used	escarifíquenles, escarifíquense
with formal second-person plural imperative escarifiquen	accusative	escarifíquenme	not used	escarifíquenlo, escarifíquenla	escarifíquennos	not used	escarifíquenlos, escarifíquenlas, escarifíquense

Derived terms

escarificador