eistedd

Welsh

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *exs-dī-sedeti, the root of which is from Proto-Indo-European *sed- (“sit”).

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): /ˈei̯sdɛð/, [ˈei̯stɛð]
  • (North Wales, colloquial) IPA^(key): /ˈɪsdɛ/, [ˈɪstɛ], /ˈɪsda/, [ˈɪsta]
  • (South Wales, colloquial) IPA^(key): /ˈɪsdɛ/, [ˈɪstɛ], /ˈɪʃdɛ/, [ˈɪʃtɛ]
• Rhymes: -ei̯sdɛð

Verb

eistedd (first-person singular present eisteddaf)

1. (transitive, intransitive) to sit

Conjugation

Conjugation (literary)

	singular			plural			impersonal
	first	second	third	first	second	third
present indicative/future	eisteddaf	eisteddi	eistedda	eisteddwn	eisteddwch	eisteddant	eisteddir
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional	eisteddwn	eisteddit	eisteddai	eisteddem	eisteddech	eisteddent	eisteddid
preterite	eisteddais	eisteddaist	eisteddodd	eisteddasom	eisteddasoch	eisteddasant	eisteddwyd
pluperfect	eisteddaswn	eisteddasit	eisteddasai	eisteddasem	eisteddasech	eisteddasent	eisteddasid, eisteddesid
present subjunctive	eisteddwyf	eisteddych	eisteddo	eisteddom	eisteddoch	eisteddont	eistedder
imperative	—	eistedda	eistedded	eisteddwn	eisteddwch	eisteddent	eistedder
verbal noun	eistedd
verbal adjectives	eisteddedig

Conjugation (colloquial)

Inflected colloquial forms	singular			plural
	first	second	third	first	second	third
future	eistedda i, eisteddaf i	eisteddi di	eisteddith o/e/hi, eisteddiff e/hi	eisteddwn ni	eisteddwch chi	eisteddan nhw
conditional	eisteddwn i, eisteddswn i	eisteddet ti, eisteddset ti	eisteddai fo/fe/hi, eisteddsai fo/fe/hi	eistedden ni, eisteddsen ni	eisteddech chi, eisteddsech chi	eistedden nhw, eisteddsen nhw
preterite	eisteddais i, eisteddes i	eisteddaist ti, eisteddest ti	eisteddodd o/e/hi	eisteddon ni	eisteddoch chi	eisteddon nhw
imperative	—	eistedda	—	—	eisteddwch	—
Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh.

Derived terms

• eistedd i fyny (“to sit up”)
• eistedd i lawr (“to sit down”)
• eisteddfod
• eisteddle

Mutation

Mutated forms of eistedd

radical	soft	nasal	h-prothesis
eistedd	unchanged	unchanged	heistedd

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “eistedd”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies