effreer

Middle French

Etymology

From Old French esfreer.

Verb

effreer

1. (transitive) to scare
   • Jean Froissart, Chroniques

     Car, pour escarmuche ou pour assaut, que on y face, riens ne s'effreent ne se desroient ossi

Conjugation

• Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.

Conjugation of effreer

infinitive	simple	effreer
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle1 or gerund2	simple	effreant
	compound	present participle or gerund of avoir + past participle
past participle		effreé
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ie (i’)	tu	il, elle	nous	vous	ilz, elles
(simple tenses)	present	effree	effrees	effree	effreons	effreez	effreent
	imperfect	effreois, effreoys	effreois, effreoys	effreoit, effreoyt	effreions, effreyons	effreiez, effreyez	effreoient, effreoyent
	past historic	effrea	effreas	effrea	effreasmes	effreastes	effreerent
	future	effreerai, effreeray	effreeras	effreera	effreerons	effreerez	effreeront
	conditional	effreerois, effreeroys	effreerois, effreeroys	effreeroit, effreeroyt	effreerions, effreeryons	effreeriez, effreeryez	effreeroient, effreeroyent
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que ie (i’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ilz, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	effree	effrees	effree	effreons	effreez	effreent
	imperfect	effreasse	effreasses	effreast	effreassions	effreassiez	effreassent
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	effree	—	effreons	effreez	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p. 179). The French Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679.
2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition en, as in Modern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], op. cit., p. 180).

Descendants

• French: effrayer