dychwelyd
Welsh
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]dy- + chwêl (“turn”),[1] ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kʷel- (“to turn”).[2]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (North Wales) IPA(key): /dəχˈwɛlɨ̞d/
- (South Wales) IPA(key): /dəχˈweːlɪd/, /dəχˈwɛlɪd/
Verb
[edit]dychwelyd (first-person singular present dychwelaf)
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation (literary)
| singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
| present indicative/future | dychwelaf | dychweli | dychwel | dychwelwn | dychwelwch | dychwelant | dychwelir | |
| imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional |
dychwelwn | dychwelit | dychwelai | dychwelem | dychwelech | dychwelent | dychwelid | |
| preterite | dychwelais | dychwelaist | dychwelodd | dychwelasom | dychwelasoch | dychwelasant | dychwelwyd | |
| pluperfect | dychwelaswn | dychwelasit | dychwelasai | dychwelasem | dychwelasech | dychwelasent | dychwelasid, dychwelesid | |
| present subjunctive | dychwelwyf | dychwelych | dychwelo | dychwelom | dychweloch | dychwelont | dychweler | |
| imperative | — | dychwel | dychweled | dychwelwn | dychwelwch | dychwelent | dychweler | |
| verbal noun | dychwelyd | |||||||
| verbal adjectives | dychweledig dychweladwy | |||||||
Conjugation (colloquial)
| Inflected colloquial forms | singular | plural | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |
| future | dychwela i, dychwelaf i | dychweli di | dychwelith o/e/hi, dychweliff e/hi | dychwelwn ni | dychwelwch chi | dychwelan nhw |
| conditional | dychwelwn i, dychwelswn i | dychwelet ti, dychwelset ti | dychwelai fo/fe/hi, dychwelsai fo/fe/hi | dychwelen ni, dychwelsen ni | dychwelech chi, dychwelsech chi | dychwelen nhw, dychwelsen nhw |
| preterite | dychwelais i, dychweles i | dychwelaist ti, dychwelest ti | dychwelodd o/e/hi | dychwelon ni | dychweloch chi | dychwelon nhw |
| imperative | — | dychwela | — | — | dychwelwch | — |
| Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh. | ||||||
Related terms
[edit]- dod yn ôl (“to come back”)
- mynd yn ôl (“to go back”)
Mutation
[edit]| radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
|---|---|---|---|
| dychwelyd | ddychwelyd | nychwelyd | unchanged |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
References
[edit]- ^ R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “dychwelaf”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
- ^ R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “chwêl”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies