dmḏj

Egyptian

Pronunciation

 

• (verb as a strong triliteral verb): (reconstructed) IPA^(key): /ˈtʼaːmacʼ/ → /ˈtʼaːmatʼ/ → /ˈtʼaːmətʼ/ → /ˈtʼoːmətʼ/

• (verb as a strong triliteral verb): (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈtʼaːmacʼ/
• (verb as a strong triliteral verb): (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈtʼaːmatʼ/
• (verb as a strong triliteral verb): (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈtʼaːmətʼ/
• (verb as a strong triliteral verb): (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈtʼoːmətʼ/

 

• (verb as a fourth weak verb): (reconstructed) IPA^(key): /ˈtʼimcʼit/ → /ˈtʼimtʼiʔ/ → /ˈtʼemtʼa/ → /ˈtʼemtʼə/

• (verb as a fourth weak verb): (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈtʼimcʼit/
• (verb as a fourth weak verb): (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈtʼimtʼiʔ/
• (verb as a fourth weak verb): (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈtʼemtʼa/
• (verb as a fourth weak verb): (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈtʼemtʼə/

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /dɛmɛd͡ʒi/
  • Conventional anglicization: demedji

Verb

 4ae inf. or 3-lit.

1. (transitive) to join together, to assemble
   • 2nd Dynasty, c. 2690 BCE, Abydos, Tomb of Peribsen, Part of a jar-seal of dull grey clay with a seal-impression of Peribsen (British Museum EA35594), combined lower and upper impressions:

     sḏꜣ ḫt nb(t) nbwt nbwj d(m)ḏ.n.f tꜣwj n zꜣ.f nswt-bjtj pr-jb.sn

     Cylinder seal of all golden things. The Golden One (Set), he has united the Two Lands (Egypt) for his son, the Dual King Peribsen.

   • c. 1550 BCE – 1295 BCE, Great Hymn to Osiris (Stela of Amenmose, Louvre C 286) line 7:

     tꜣwj dmḏ ḥr rdjt n.f jꜣw m ḫsfw ḥm.f

     The assembled Two Lands (Egypt) are giving him praise at the approach of his majesty.

Inflection

While this verb is often considered a strong triliteral verb dmḏ, other Egyptologists, following Sethe and Edel, instead interpret it as a fourth weak verb dmḏj.

Conjugation of dmḏj (fourth weak / 4ae inf. / IV. inf.) — base stem: dmḏ

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
dmḏt, dmḏj	dmḏw, dmḏyw, dmḏ	dmḏt, dmḏwt, dmḏyt	dmḏ	dmḏ, dmḏy

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
dmḏ8	ḥr dmḏt, ḥr dmḏj	m dmḏt, ḥr dmḏj	r dmḏt, ḥr dmḏj

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	dmḏ.n	dmḏw, dmḏ, dmḏy	consecutive	dmḏ.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	dmḏt
perfective3	dmḏ	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	dmḏ.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	dmḏ, dmḏy	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	dmḏw, dmḏ, dmḏy	dmḏ	potentialis1	dmḏ.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	dmḏ, dmḏy	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	dmḏ.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	dmḏw1, dmḏy, dmḏ	active + .tj1, .tw2	dmḏ	dmḏy, dmḏ
imperfective	dmḏ, dmḏy, dmḏw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	dmḏ, dmḏj6, dmḏy6	dmḏ, dmḏw5
prospective	dmḏw1, dmḏy, dmḏ, dmḏtj7	—	dmḏwtj1 4, dmḏtj4, dmḏt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine. Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

Conjugation of dmḏ (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: dmḏ, geminated stem: dmḏḏ

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
dmḏ	dmḏw, dmḏ	dmḏt	dmḏ	dmḏ

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
dmḏ	ḥr dmḏ	m dmḏ	r dmḏ

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	dmḏ.n	dmḏw, dmḏ	consecutive	dmḏ.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	dmḏt
perfective3	dmḏ	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	dmḏ.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	dmḏ	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	dmḏ	dmḏḏ	potentialis1	dmḏ.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	dmḏ	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	dmḏ.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	dmḏ	active + .tj1, .tw2	dmḏ	dmḏ, dmḏw5, dmḏy5
imperfective	dmḏ, dmḏy, dmḏw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	dmḏ, dmḏj6, dmḏy6	dmḏ, dmḏw5
prospective	dmḏ, dmḏtj7	—	dmḏtj4, dmḏt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of dmḏj  

dmdj	dmdj

Derived terms

• dmḏ

Descendants

• Coptic: ⲧⲱⲙⲧ (tōmt)

References

• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, § 313, page 220.
• Allen, James Peter (1984) The Inflection of the Verb in the Pyramid Texts, Malibu, California: Undena Publications, →ISBN, § 736, page 566