cruan

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish crúan (“red enamel”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkɾˠuənˠ/

Noun

cruan m (genitive singular cruain)

1. enamel

Declension

Declension of cruan

First declension

Bare forms (no plural of this noun) Case Singular Nominative cruan Vocative a chruain Genitive cruain Dative cruan

Forms with the definite article: Case Singular Nominative an cruan Genitive an chruain Dative leis an gcruan don chruan

Derived terms

• cruanadóireacht f (“enamel-work”)
• cruanearra m (“(article of) enamelware”)

Verb

cruan (present analytic cruanann, future analytic cruanfaidh, verbal noun cruanadh, past participle cruanta)

1. (transitive) enamel

Conjugation

conjugation of cruan (first conjugation – A)

		singular			plural			relative	autonomous
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative	present	cruanaim	cruanann tú; cruanair†	cruanann sé, sí	cruanaimid	cruanann sibh	cruanann siad; cruanaid†	a chruanann; a chruanas / a gcruanann*	cruantar
	past	chruan mé; chruanas	chruan tú; chruanais	chruan sé, sí	chruanamar; chruan muid	chruan sibh; chruanabhair	chruan siad; chruanadar	a chruan / ar chruan*	cruanadh
	past habitual	chruanainn / gcruanainn‡‡	chruantá / gcruantᇇ	chruanadh sé, sí / gcruanadh sé, s퇇	chruanaimis; chruanadh muid / gcruanaimis‡‡; gcruanadh muid‡‡	chruanadh sibh / gcruanadh sibh‡‡	chruanaidís; chruanadh siad / gcruanaidís‡‡; gcruanadh siad‡‡	a chruanadh / a gcruanadh*	chruantaí / gcruanta퇇
future		cruanfaidh mé; cruanfad	cruanfaidh tú; cruanfair†	cruanfaidh sé, sí	cruanfaimid; cruanfaidh muid	cruanfaidh sibh	cruanfaidh siad; cruanfaid†	a chruanfaidh; a chruanfas / a gcruanfaidh*	cruanfar
conditional		chruanfainn / gcruanfainn‡‡	chruanfá / gcruanfᇇ	chruanfadh sé, sí / gcruanfadh sé, s퇇	chruanfaimis; chruanfadh muid / gcruanfaimis‡‡; gcruanfadh muid‡‡	chruanfadh sibh / gcruanfadh sibh‡‡	chruanfaidís; chruanfadh siad / gcruanfaidís‡‡; gcruanfadh siad‡‡	a chruanfadh / a gcruanfadh*	chruanfaí / gcruanfa퇇
subjunctive	present	go gcruana mé; go gcruanad†	go gcruana tú; go gcruanair†	go gcruana sé, sí	go gcruanaimid; go gcruana muid	go gcruana sibh	go gcruana siad; go gcruanaid†	—	go gcruantar
	past	dá gcruanainn	dá gcruantá	dá gcruanadh sé, sí	dá gcruanaimis; dá gcruanadh muid	dá gcruanadh sibh	dá gcruanaidís; dá gcruanadh siad	—	dá gcruantaí
imperative		cruanaim	cruan	cruanadh sé, sí	cruanaimis	cruanaigí; cruanaidh†	cruanaidís	—	cruantar
verbal noun		cruanadh
past participle		cruanta

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Derived terms

• cruanaí m (“enameller”)

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
cruan	chruan	gcruan
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “cruan”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “crúan”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish crúan (“red enamel”).

Adjective

cruan

1. blood-red

Noun

cruan m

1. enamel

Synonyms

• geiltrigeadh

Further reading

• Edward Dwelly (1911) “cruan”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan‎^[1], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “crúan”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language