cincog
Appearance
Hungarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]An onomatopoeia + -og (frequentative verb-forming suffix).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]cincog
- (intransitive, of mice, rats, etc.) to squeak
- (transitive, intransitive, humorous or sarcastic) to scrape (on the violin)
Conjugation
[edit]conjugation of cincog
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | cincogok | cincogsz | cincog | cincogunk | cincogtok | cincognak | |
Def. | cincogom | cincogod | cincogja | cincogjuk | cincogjátok | cincogják | |||
2nd-p. o. | cincoglak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | cincogtam | cincogtál | cincogott | cincogtunk | cincogtatok | cincogtak | ||
Def. | cincogtam | cincogtad | cincogta | cincogtuk | cincogtátok | cincogták | |||
2nd-p. o. | cincogtalak | ― | |||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. cincogni fog. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | cincogék | cincogál | cincoga | cincogánk | cincogátok | cincogának | ||
Def. | cincogám | cincogád | cincogá | cincogánk | cincogátok | cincogák | |||
2nd-p. o. | cincogálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. cincog vala, cincogott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | cincogandok | cincogandasz | cincogand | cincogandunk | cincogandotok | cincogandanak | ||
Def. | cincogandom | cincogandod | cincogandja | cincogandjuk | cincogandjátok | cincogandják | |||
2nd-p. o. | cincogandalak | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | cincognék | cincognál | cincogna | cincognánk | cincognátok | cincognának | |
Def. | cincognám | cincognád | cincogná | cincognánk (or cincognók) |
cincognátok | cincognák | |||
2nd-p. o. | cincognálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. cincogott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | cincogjak | cincogj or cincogjál |
cincogjon | cincogjunk | cincogjatok | cincogjanak | |
Def. | cincogjam | cincogd or cincogjad |
cincogja | cincogjuk | cincogjátok | cincogják | |||
2nd-p. o. | cincogjalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. cincogott légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | cincogni | cincognom | cincognod | cincognia | cincognunk | cincognotok | cincogniuk | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
cincogás | cincogó | cincogott | cincogandó | cincogva (cincogván) | cincogtat | ||||
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs). | |||||||||
potential conjugation of cincog
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | cincoghatok | cincoghatsz | cincoghat | cincoghatunk | cincoghattok | cincoghatnak | |
Def. | cincoghatom | cincoghatod | cincoghatja | cincoghatjuk | cincoghatjátok | cincoghatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | cincoghatlak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | cincoghattam | cincoghattál | cincoghatott | cincoghattunk | cincoghattatok | cincoghattak | ||
Def. | cincoghattam | cincoghattad | cincoghatta | cincoghattuk | cincoghattátok | cincoghatták | |||
2nd-p. o. | cincoghattalak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | cincoghaték | cincoghatál | cincoghata | cincoghatánk | cincoghatátok | cincoghatának | ||
Def. | cincoghatám | cincoghatád | cincoghatá | cincoghatánk | cincoghatátok | cincoghaták | |||
2nd-p. o. | cincoghatálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. cincoghat vala, cincoghatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | cincoghatandok or cincogandhatok |
cincoghatandasz or cincogandhatsz |
cincoghatand or cincogandhat |
cincoghatandunk or cincogandhatunk |
cincoghatandotok or cincogandhattok |
cincoghatandanak or cincogandhatnak | ||
Def. | cincoghatandom or cincogandhatom |
cincoghatandod or cincogandhatod |
cincoghatandja or cincogandhatja |
cincoghatandjuk or cincogandhatjuk |
cincoghatandjátok or cincogandhatjátok |
cincoghatandják or cincogandhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | cincoghatandalak or cincogandhatlak |
― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | cincoghatnék | cincoghatnál | cincoghatna | cincoghatnánk | cincoghatnátok | cincoghatnának | |
Def. | cincoghatnám | cincoghatnád | cincoghatná | cincoghatnánk (or cincoghatnók) |
cincoghatnátok | cincoghatnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | cincoghatnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. cincoghatott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | cincoghassak | cincoghass or cincoghassál |
cincoghasson | cincoghassunk | cincoghassatok | cincoghassanak | |
Def. | cincoghassam | cincoghasd or cincoghassad |
cincoghassa | cincoghassuk | cincoghassátok | cincoghassák | |||
2nd-p. o. | cincoghassalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. cincoghatott légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (cincoghatni) | (cincoghatnom) | (cincoghatnod) | (cincoghatnia) | (cincoghatnunk) | (cincoghatnotok) | (cincoghatniuk) | ||
Positive adjective | cincogható | Neg. adj. | cincoghatatlan | Adv. part. | (cincoghatva / cincoghatván) | ||||
Derived terms
[edit]Expressions
Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ cincog in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
[edit]- cincog in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- cincog in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).