carthu

Welsh

Etymology

From Middle Welsh carthu, from Proto-Brythonic *karθad, from Proto-Celtic *kartati.

Pronunciation

• (North Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈkarθɨ/
• (South Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈkarθi/

Verb

carthu (first-person singular present carthaf)

1. to cleanse, purge

   Synonyms: clirio, puro

2. to clean out, muck out

   Synonym: glanhau

Conjugation

Conjugation (literary)

	singular			plural			impersonal
	first	second	third	first	second	third
present indicative/future	carthaf	carthi	carth, cartha	carthwn	carthwch	carthant	carthir
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional	carthwn	carthit	carthai	carthem	carthech	carthent	carthid
preterite	carthais	carthaist	carthodd	carthasom	carthasoch	carthasant	carthwyd
pluperfect	carthaswn	carthasit	carthasai	carthasem	carthasech	carthasent	carthasid, carthesid
present subjunctive	carthwyf	carthych	cartho	carthom	carthoch	carthont	carther
imperative	—	carth, cartha	carthed	carthwn	carthwch	carthent	carther
verbal noun	carthu
verbal adjectives	carthedig carthadwy

Conjugation (colloquial)

inflected colloquial forms	singular			plural
	first	second	third	first	second	third
future	cartha i, carthaf i	carthi di	carthith o/e/hi, carthiff e/hi	carthwn ni	carthwch chi	carthan nhw
conditional	carthwn i, carthswn i	carthet ti, carthset ti	carthai fo/fe/hi, carthsai fo/fe/hi	carthen ni, carthsen ni	carthech chi, carthsech chi	carthen nhw, carthsen nhw
preterite	carthais i, carthes i	carthaist ti, carthest ti	carthodd o/e/hi	carthon ni	carthoch chi	carthon nhw
imperative	—	cartha	—	—	carthwch	—

Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh.

Mutation

Mutated forms of carthu

radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
carthu	garthu	ngharthu	charthu

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• D. G. Lewis, N. Lewis, editors (2005–present), “carthu”, in Gweiadur: the Welsh-English Dictionary, Gwerin
• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “carthu”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies