carpinus

See also: Carpinus

Latin

Etymology

Unknown. Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *kar- (“hard”), but the unusual extension and suffix are difficult to explain. See also carina and cerrus.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /karˈpiː.nus/, [kärˈpiːnʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /karˈpi.nus/, [kärˈpiːnus]

Noun

carpīnus m (genitive carpīnī); second declension

1. Hornbeam; European hornbeam; a variety of deciduous tree.

Declension

Second-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	carpīnus	carpīnī
genitive	carpīnī	carpīnōrum
dative	carpīnō	carpīnīs
accusative	carpīnum	carpīnōs
ablative	carpīnō	carpīnīs
vocative	carpīne	carpīnī

Descendants

• Balkan Romance:
  • Romanian: carpen
  • Aromanian: carpin
  • Megleno-Romanian: carpin
• Istriot:
  • carpano
• Italo-Romance:
  • Italian: carpino, carpine
  • Sicilian: càrpinu, Càrpinu
• Padanian:
  • Piedmontese: chërpo
  • Romansch: charpin
  • Venetan: càrpano, càrpane
• Northern Gallo-Romance:
  • Franco-Provençal: charpena
  • Old French: charme
    • Bourguignon: chairme
    • ⇒ Bourguignon: charmetiau
    • Champenois: charme (Troyen), tarme (Rémois)
    • Franc-Comtois: tchairme
    • French: charme
    • Lorrain: charme
    • Poitevin-Saintongeais: charpre, cherpre
    • Walloon: tchåne
  • Old Northern French: carme
    • Norman: querme, carme
  • Picard Old French: carme
    • Picard: carme
      • ⇒ Spanish: carme
• Southern Gallo-Romance:
  • Aragonese: carpin
    • →? Catalan: carpí
  • Occitan:

    Gascon: carpe, carpo, carpa, caupre

    • → Spanish: carpe
    • → Portuguese: carpa

    Languedocien: calpre, carpre

    Limousin: chaupre

    Provençal: caupre

• Borrowings:
  • → Portuguese: carpino
  • → Translingual: Carpinus

References

• “carpinus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• carpinus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.