camsefyll
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Welsh
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From cam- (“mis-”) + sefyll (“stand”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (North Wales) IPA(key): /kamˈsɛvɨ̞ɬ/
- (South Wales) IPA(key): /kamˈseːvɪɬ/, /kamˈsɛvɪɬ/
Verb
[edit]camsefyll (first-person singular present camsafaf)
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation (literary)
| singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
| present indicative/future | camsafaf | camsefi | camsaif | camsafwn | camsefwch, camsafwch | camsafant | camsefir | |
| imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional |
camsafwn | camsafit | camsafai | camsafem | camsafech | camsafent | camsefid | |
| preterite | camsefais | camsefaist | camsafodd | camsafasom | camsafasoch | camsafasant | camsafwyd | |
| pluperfect | camsafaswn | camsafasit | camsafasai | camsafasem | camsafasech | camsafasent | camsafasid, camsafesid | |
| present subjunctive | camsafwyf | camsefych | camsafo | camsafom | camsafoch | camsafont | camsafer | |
| imperative | — | camsaf | camsafed | camsafwn | camsefwch, camsafwch | camsafent | camsafer | |
| verbal noun | camsefyll | |||||||
| verbal adjectives | camsafedig camsafadwy | |||||||
Conjugation (colloquial)
| Inflected colloquial forms | singular | plural | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |
| future | camsafa i, camsafaf i | camsafi di | camsafith o/e/hi, camsafiff e/hi | camsafwn ni | camsafwch chi | camsafan nhw |
| conditional | camsafwn i, camsafswn i | camsafet ti, camsafset ti | camsafai fo/fe/hi, camsafsai fo/fe/hi | camsafen ni, camsafsen ni | camsafech chi, camsafsech chi | camsafen nhw, camsafsen nhw |
| preterite | camsafais i, camsafes i | camsafaist ti, camsafest ti | camsafodd o/e/hi | camsafon ni | camsafoch chi | camsafon nhw |
| imperative | — | camsafa | — | — | camsafwch | — |
| Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh. | ||||||
Derived terms
[edit]- camsafiad (“offside”, noun)
Mutation
[edit]| radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
|---|---|---|---|
| camsefyll | gamsefyll | nghamsefyll | chamsefyll |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
Further reading
[edit]- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “camsefyll”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies