bruach

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish bruäch, from brú (“edge, brink, bank”).

Pronunciation

• (Munster, Connacht) IPA^(key): /bˠɾˠuəx/
• (Ulster) IPA^(key): /bˠɾˠuəx/; (older) /bˠɾˠɯːx/ (as if spelled braoch)

Noun

bruach m (genitive singular bruaigh, nominative plural bruacha)

1. bank (edge of river, lake, or other watercourse), brink
2. swollen edge

Declension

Declension of bruach

First declension

Bare forms: Case Singular Plural Nominative bruach bruacha Vocative a bhruaigh a bhruacha Genitive bruaigh bruach Dative bruach bruacha

Forms with the definite article: Case Singular Plural Nominative an bruach na bruacha Genitive an bhruaigh na mbruach Dative leis an mbruach don bhruach leis na bruacha

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
bruach	bhruach	mbruach
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “bruach”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “bruach”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
• “bruach”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024

Old Irish

Etymology

brú +‎ -ach

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈbru.ax]

Noun

bruäch n (genitive unattested)

1. edge, brink
2. margin, border
3. bank, shore

Inflection

Neuter o-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	bruachN	bruachN	bruachL, bruacha
Vocative	bruachN	bruachN	bruachL, bruacha
Accusative	bruachN	bruachN	bruachL, bruacha
Genitive	*bruïgL, *brúaigL	bruach	bruachN
Dative	bruüchL, brúchL	bruachaib	bruachaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H = triggers aspiration L = triggers lenition N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

• Irish: bruach
• Manx: broogh
• Scottish Gaelic: bruach

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
bruäch	bruäch pronounced with /β(ʲ)-/	mbruäch
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “bruach”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish bruäch. Cognates include Irish bruach and Manx broogh.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpɾuə̯x/
• Hyphenation: bruach

Noun

bruach f (genitive singular bruaiche, plural bruachan)

1. bank (of lake or river)
2. brink, border, edge, brim

Declension

Declension of bruach (class IIa feminine noun)

Indefinite
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	bruach	bruachan
Genitive	bruaiche	bhruach
Dative	bruaich	bruachan; bruachaibh✝
Definite
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	(a') bhruach	(na) bruachan
Genitive	(na) bruaiche	(nam) bruach
Dative	(a') bhruaich	(na) bruachan; bruachaibh✝
Vocative	bhruach	bhruacha

^✝ obsolete form, used until the 19th century

Mutation

Scottish Gaelic mutation
Radical	Lenition
bruach	bhruach
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Edward Dwelly (1911) “bruach”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎^[1], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN