borzad
Hungarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From an onomatopoeic stem + -ad (frequentative verb-forming suffix).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]borzad
- (intransitive) to abhor, to shudder with fear or horror
Conjugation
[edit]conjugation of borzad
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | borzadok | borzadsz | borzad | borzadunk | borzadtok | borzadnak | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | borzadtam | borzadtál | borzadt | borzadtunk | borzadtatok | borzadtak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. borzadni fog. | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | borzadék | borzadál | borzada | borzadánk | borzadátok | borzadának | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. borzad vala, borzadt vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | borzadandok | borzadandasz | borzadand | borzadandunk | borzadandotok | borzadandanak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | borzadnék | borzadnál | borzadna | borzadnánk | borzadnátok | borzadnának | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. borzadt volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | borzadjak | borzadj or borzadjál |
borzadjon | borzadjunk | borzadjatok | borzadjanak | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. borzadt légyen | ||||||||
| Infinitive | borzadni | borzadnom | borzadnod | borzadnia | borzadnunk | borzadnotok | borzadniuk | ||
| Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
| borzadás | borzadó | borzadt | ― | borzadva (borzadván) | |||||
potential conjugation of borzad
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | borzadhatok | borzadhatsz | borzadhat | borzadhatunk | borzadhattok | borzadhatnak | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | borzadhattam | borzadhattál | borzadhatott | borzadhattunk | borzadhattatok | borzadhattak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | borzadhaték | borzadhatál | borzadhata | borzadhatánk | borzadhatátok | borzadhatának | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. borzadhat vala, borzadhatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | borzadhatandok or borzadandhatok |
borzadhatandasz or borzadandhatsz |
borzadhatand or borzadandhat |
borzadhatandunk or borzadandhatunk |
borzadhatandotok or borzadandhattok |
borzadhatandanak or borzadandhatnak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | borzadhatnék | borzadhatnál | borzadhatna | borzadhatnánk | borzadhatnátok | borzadhatnának | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. borzadhatott volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | borzadhassak | borzadhass or borzadhassál |
borzadhasson | borzadhassunk | borzadhassatok | borzadhassanak | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. borzadhatott légyen | ||||||||
| Inf. | (borzadhatni) | (borzadhatnom) | (borzadhatnod) | (borzadhatnia) | (borzadhatnunk) | (borzadhatnotok) | (borzadhatniuk) | ||
| Positive adjective | ― | Neg. adj. | ― | Adv. part. | (borzadhatva / borzadhatván) | ||||
Derived terms
[edit](With verbal prefixes):
Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ borzad in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
[edit]- borzad in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- borzad in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).