avertir

French

Etymology

From Middle French advertir, from Old French avertir, from Latin advertō.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /a.vɛʁ.tiʁ/

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

avertir

1. to warn
2. to notify

Conjugation

This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.

Conjugation of avertir (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	avertir
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	avertissant /a.vɛʁ.ti.sɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		averti /a.vɛʁ.ti/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	avertis /a.vɛʁ.ti/	avertis /a.vɛʁ.ti/	avertit /a.vɛʁ.ti/	avertissons /a.vɛʁ.ti.sɔ̃/	avertissez /a.vɛʁ.ti.se/	avertissent /a.vɛʁ.tis/
	imperfect	avertissais /a.vɛʁ.ti.sɛ/	avertissais /a.vɛʁ.ti.sɛ/	avertissait /a.vɛʁ.ti.sɛ/	avertissions /a.vɛʁ.ti.sjɔ̃/	avertissiez /a.vɛʁ.ti.sje/	avertissaient /a.vɛʁ.ti.sɛ/
	past historic2	avertis /a.vɛʁ.ti/	avertis /a.vɛʁ.ti/	avertit /a.vɛʁ.ti/	avertîmes /a.vɛʁ.tim/	avertîtes /a.vɛʁ.tit/	avertirent /a.vɛʁ.tiʁ/
	future	avertirai /a.vɛʁ.ti.ʁe/	avertiras /a.vɛʁ.ti.ʁa/	avertira /a.vɛʁ.ti.ʁa/	avertirons /a.vɛʁ.ti.ʁɔ̃/	avertirez /a.vɛʁ.ti.ʁe/	avertiront /a.vɛʁ.ti.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	avertirais /a.vɛʁ.ti.ʁɛ/	avertirais /a.vɛʁ.ti.ʁɛ/	avertirait /a.vɛʁ.ti.ʁɛ/	avertirions /a.vɛʁ.ti.ʁjɔ̃/	avertiriez /a.vɛʁ.ti.ʁje/	avertiraient /a.vɛʁ.ti.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	avertisse /a.vɛʁ.tis/	avertisses /a.vɛʁ.tis/	avertisse /a.vɛʁ.tis/	avertissions /a.vɛʁ.ti.sjɔ̃/	avertissiez /a.vɛʁ.ti.sje/	avertissent /a.vɛʁ.tis/
	imperfect2	avertisse /a.vɛʁ.tis/	avertisses /a.vɛʁ.tis/	avertît /a.vɛʁ.ti/	avertissions /a.vɛʁ.ti.sjɔ̃/	avertissiez /a.vɛʁ.ti.sje/	avertissent /a.vɛʁ.tis/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	avertis /a.vɛʁ.ti/	—	avertissons /a.vɛʁ.ti.sɔ̃/	avertissez /a.vɛʁ.ti.se/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms

• avertissement
• avertisseur
• un homme averti en vaut deux

Further reading

• “avertir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Anagrams

• verrait, vitrera

Old French

Alternative forms

• advertir
• advertyr
• avertyr

Etymology

From Latin advertere (“to turn, direct towards”)

Verb

avertir

1. to inform; to notify
2. (reflexive, s'avertir) to notice; to remark

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a second-group verb (ending in -ir, with an -iss- infix). Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of avertir (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)

		simple			compound
infinitive		avertir			avoir averti
gerund		en avertissant			gerund of avoir + past participle
present participle		avertissant
past participle		averti
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	il	nos	vos	il
simple tenses	present	avertis	avertis	avertist	avertissons	avertissez	avertissent
	imperfect	avertissoie, avertisseie	avertissoies, avertisseies	avertissoit, avertisseit	avertissiiens, avertissiens	avertissiiez, avertissiez	avertissoient, avertisseient
	preterite	averti	avertis	averti	avertimes	avertistes	avertirent
	future	avertirai	avertiras	avertira	avertirons	avertiroiz, avertireiz, avertirez	avertiront
	conditional	avertiroie, avertireie	avertiroies, avertireies	avertiroit, avertireit	avertiriiens, avertiriens	avertiriiez, avertiriez	avertiroient, avertireient
compound tenses	present perfect	present tense of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
	past anterior	preterite tense of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future tense of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional tense of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que jo	que tu	qu’il	que nos	que vos	qu’il
simple tenses	present	avertisse	avertisses	avertisse	avertissons	avertissez	avertissent
	imperfect	avertisse	avertisses	avertist	avertissons, avertissiens	avertissoiz, avertissez, avertissiez	avertissent
compound tenses	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nos	vos	–
		—	avertis	—	avertissons	avertissez	—

Descendants

• French: avertir
• Norman: avèrti (Jersey)
• → Middle English: advertisen, avertisen
  • English: advertise
  • Scots: adverteese, adverteeze, advertish