arpeti
Old Irish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From ar- + séitid (“to blow”), possibly semantically arising from the use of oral literature and musical instruments for entertainment. The deuterotonic stem-initial p- is a back-formation from the lenited stem-initial -f- seen in prototonic forms. In this case, the -f- etymologically came from the lenition of the *sw- from Proto-Celtic *swizdeti, not a lenition of p-.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]ar·peti (verbal noun airfitiud)
- to entertain, amuse
- c. 775, “Táin Bó Fraích”, in Book of Leinster; republished as Ernst Windisch, editor, Táin bó Fraích, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, 1974, line 259:
- Gabthus mesca[e] ⁊ arus·peittet céola ⁊ airfiti.
- Intoxication seizes them, music and entertainment perform for them.
- Codex Sancti Pauli, published in "Poems in the Codex S. Pauli", in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus : a collection of Old-Irish glosses, Scholia prose and verse (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. 2, pp. 293-295, Poem V, stanza 8
- Oc cormaim gaibtir dúana, drengaitir dreppa dáena, ar·beittet bairtni bindi tri laith linni ainm n-Áeda.
- At ale, songs are chanted, fine [genealogical] ladders are climbed, and sweet [bardic] songs extol [lit. entertains], through pools of liquor, the name of Áed.
- c. 808, Félire Oengusso, Epilogue, line 79; republished as Whitley Stokes, transl., Félire Óengusso Céli Dé: The Martyrology of Oengus the Culdee, Harrison & Sons, 1905:
- Ar·peti cech díne do thoscélad féle.
- [The Félire Óengusso] entertains every group in ascertaining [the dates of celebratory] festivals.
Inflection
[edit]Complex, class A II present
| 1st sg. | 2nd sg. | 3rd sg. | 1st pl. | 2nd pl. | 3rd pl. | Passive sg. | Passive pl. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present indicative | Deut. | ar·peti | ar·beittet; arus·peittet (with infixed pronoun s-) | ||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Imperfect indicative | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Preterite | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Perfect | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Future | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Conditional | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Present subjunctive | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Past subjunctive | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Imperative | |||||||||
| Verbal noun | airfitiud | ||||||||
| Past participle | |||||||||
| Verbal of necessity | |||||||||
Mutation
[edit]| radical | lenition | nasalization |
|---|---|---|
| ar·peti | ar·pheti or unchanged |
ar·peti pronounced with /-b(ʲ)-/ |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
Further reading
[edit]- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “ar-peiti”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language