argair

Old Irish

Etymology

From ar- +‎ gairid.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [arˈɡarʲ]

Verb

ar·gair (verbal noun irgaire, ergaire)

1. to forbid
   • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 69^a21

     Co n-epred, “Du·gén a nnoíb sa ⁊ ní digén ⟨a n-⟩ærgarthae se, cid accubur lium”; ní eper insin.

     So that he should say, “I will do this holy thing and I will not do this forbidden thing, though it is a desire of mine”; he does not say that.

   • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 132^a10

     ci a{s}⟨r⟩id·roga⟨r⟩t dímsa do guidi-siu, a Dǽ

     although he has forbidden me to pray to you, O God

2. to herd
3. (rare) to call

Usage notes

The sense “call” occurs only once: the form ar·gart may be a scribal error for do·gart, which is the usual word for “call”.

Inflection

Complex, class B II present, t preterite, é future, a subjunctive

		1st sg.	2nd sg.	3rd sg.	1st pl.	2nd pl.	3rd pl.	Passive sg.	Passive pl.
Present indicative	Deut.			ar·gair; ari·ngair (with infixed pronoun id-)			ara·ngairet (with infixed pronoun a-)
	Prot.
Imperfect indicative	Deut.
	Prot.
Preterite	Deut.			ar·gart, ar·gairt
	Prot.
Perfect	Deut.			ara·rogart (with infixed pronoun a-); arid·rogart (with infixed pronoun id-)				ar·rograd; ara·rograd (with infixed pronoun a-)
	Prot.			·argart
Future	Deut.						ar·gérat
	Prot.
Conditional	Deut.
	Prot.
Present subjunctive	Deut.
	Prot.			·airgara
Past subjunctive	Deut.			arid·garad (with infixed pronoun id-)
	Prot.
Imperative
Verbal noun		irgaire, ergaire
Past participle		ergarthae, ærgarthae
Verbal of necessity

Descendants

• Irish: urghair

Mutation

Mutation of argair

radical	lenition	nasalization
ar·gair	ar·gair pronounced with /-ɣ(ʲ)-/	ar·ngair

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “ar·gair”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Pedersen, Holger (1913) Vergleichende Grammatik der keltischen Sprachen [Comparative Grammar of the Celtic Languages] (in German), volume II, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, →ISBN, § 736.2, page 534