adarc

Old Irish

adarc

Etymology

Unknown; perhaps a loanword from a pre-Celtic substrate source; perhaps cognate with or a borrowing to or from Basque adar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈaðərk/, [ˈaðark]

Noun

adarc f (genitive adarcae, nominative plural adarca)

1. horn (growth on an animal's head)
   • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 2^b16:

     tob di humu fo chosmailius n-adarcae side

     a trumpet of bronze in the shape of a horn

   • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 63^b17:

     nanní fris·oirc doib fa·scannat hua n-adarcaib

     whatever offends them, they toss it with their horns

   • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 116^c8:

     orgain humaidi fo chosmailius n-adarcae

     bronze instruments in the shape of a horn

Inflection

Feminine ā-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	adarcL	adaircL	adarcaH
Vocative	adarcL	adaircL	adarcaH
Accusative	adaircN	adaircL	adarcaH
Genitive	adarcaeH	adarcL	adarcN
Dative	adaircL	adarcaib	adarcaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H = triggers aspiration L = triggers lenition N = triggers nasalization

Synonyms

• benn
• congna

Descendants

• Irish: adharc
• Manx: eairk
• Scottish Gaelic: adharc

Mutation

Mutation of adarc

radical	lenition	nasalization
adarc (pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)	unchanged	n-adarc

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 adarc, aiderc”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language