achwyn

Welsh

Alternative forms

• achwyno

Etymology

a- +‎ cwyn (“complaint”)

Pronunciation

• (North Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈaχʊɨ̯n/, /ˈaχwɨ̞n/
• (South Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈaːχʊi̯n/, /ˈaχʊi̯n/

Noun

achwyn m (plural achwynion)

1. complaint

Verb

achwyn (first-person singular present achwynaf)

1. to complain

Conjugation

Conjugation (literary)

	singular			plural			impersonal
	first	second	third	first	second	third
present indicative/future	achwynaf	achwyni	achwyn, achwyna	achwynwn	achwynwch	achwynant	achwynir
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional	achwynwn	achwynit	achwynai	achwynem	achwynech	achwynent	achwynid
preterite	achwynais	achwynaist	achwynodd	achwynasom	achwynasoch	achwynasant	achwynwyd
pluperfect	achwynaswn	achwynasit	achwynasai	achwynasem	achwynasech	achwynasent	achwynasid, achwynesid
present subjunctive	achwynwyf	achwynych	achwyno	achwynom	achwynoch	achwynont	achwyner
imperative	—	achwyn, achwyna	achwyned	achwynwn	achwynwch	achwynent	achwyner
verbal noun	achwyn
verbal adjectives	achwynedig achwynadwy

Conjugation (colloquial)

inflected colloquial forms	singular			plural
	first	second	third	first	second	third
future	achwyna i, achwynaf i	achwyni di	achwynith o/e/hi, achwyniff e/hi	achwynwn ni	achwynwch chi	achwynan nhw
conditional	achwynwn i, achwynswn i	achwynet ti, achwynset ti	achwynai fo/fe/hi, achwynsai fo/fe/hi	achwynen ni, achwynsen ni	achwynech chi, achwynsech chi	achwynen nhw, achwynsen nhw
preterite	achwynais i, achwynes i	achwynaist ti, achwynest ti	achwynodd o/e/hi	achwynon ni	achwynoch chi	achwynon nhw
imperative	—	achwyna	—	—	achwynwch	—

Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh.

Derived terms

• achwyniad (“complaint, accusation”)
• achwynwr (“complainer; complainant, plaintiff”)
• achwynydd (“complainer; complainant, plaintiff”)

Mutation

Mutated forms of achwyn

radical	soft	nasal	h-prothesis
achwyn	unchanged	unchanged	hachwyn

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “achwyn”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “achwynaf”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies