abréger
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French
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old French abregier, itself from Late Latin abbreviāre. Doublet of abrévier, a (now obsolete) borrowing. See also abréviation.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]abréger
- to shorten in duration
- to shorten (in textual length) or summarize, to abridge
- to abbreviate
- 1991, L'Encyclopédie Grolier, volume 1, A-Asc, →ISBN, s.v. "abréviation":
- Les principales façon d’abréger les mots étaient connus dans le monde latin […]
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Conjugation
[edit]This verb is conjugated like protéger. It has both the spelling irregularities of other verbs in -ger (such as manger, where a silent 'e' is inserted before 'a' and 'o' endings (to indicate the /ʒ/ sound), and the spelling and pronunciation irregularities of other verbs in -é-er (such as céder), where the last stem vowel alternates between /e/ (written 'é') and /ɛ/ (written 'è').
Conjugation of abréger (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive | simple | abréger | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | abrégeant /a.bʁe.ʒɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | abrégé /a.bʁe.ʒe/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | abrège /a.bʁɛʒ/ |
abrèges /a.bʁɛʒ/ |
abrège /a.bʁɛʒ/ |
abrégeons /a.bʁe.ʒɔ̃/ |
abrégez /a.bʁe.ʒe/ |
abrègent /a.bʁɛʒ/ |
imperfect | abrégeais /a.bʁe.ʒɛ/ |
abrégeais /a.bʁe.ʒɛ/ |
abrégeait /a.bʁe.ʒɛ/ |
abrégions /a.bʁe.ʒjɔ̃/ |
abrégiez /a.bʁe.ʒje/ |
abrégeaient /a.bʁe.ʒɛ/ | |
past historic2 | abrégeai /a.bʁe.ʒe/ |
abrégeas /a.bʁe.ʒa/ |
abrégea /a.bʁe.ʒa/ |
abrégeâmes /a.bʁe.ʒam/ |
abrégeâtes /a.bʁe.ʒat/ |
abrégèrent /a.bʁe.ʒɛʁ/ | |
future | abrégerai or abrègerai /a.bʁɛʒ.ʁe/ |
abrégeras or abrègeras /a.bʁɛʒ.ʁa/ |
abrégera or abrègera /a.bʁɛʒ.ʁa/ |
abrégerons or abrègerons /a.bʁɛʒ.ʁɔ̃/ |
abrégerez or abrègerez /a.bʁɛʒ.ʁe/ |
abrégeront or abrègeront /a.bʁɛʒ.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | abrégerais or abrègerais /a.bʁɛʒ.ʁɛ/ |
abrégerais or abrègerais /a.bʁɛʒ.ʁɛ/ |
abrégerait or abrègerait /a.bʁɛʒ.ʁɛ/ |
abrégerions or abrègerions /a.bʁɛ.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃/ or /a.bʁe.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
abrégeriez or abrègeriez /a.bʁɛ.ʒə.ʁje/ or /a.bʁe.ʒə.ʁje/ |
abrégeraient or abrègeraient /a.bʁɛʒ.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | abrège /a.bʁɛʒ/ |
abrèges /a.bʁɛʒ/ |
abrège /a.bʁɛʒ/ |
abrégions /a.bʁe.ʒjɔ̃/ |
abrégiez /a.bʁe.ʒje/ |
abrègent /a.bʁɛʒ/ |
imperfect2 | abrégeasse /a.bʁe.ʒas/ |
abrégeasses /a.bʁe.ʒas/ |
abrégeât /a.bʁe.ʒa/ |
abrégeassions /a.bʁe.ʒa.sjɔ̃/ |
abrégeassiez /a.bʁe.ʒa.sje/ |
abrégeassent /a.bʁe.ʒas/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | abrège /a.bʁɛʒ/ |
— | abrégeons /a.bʁe.ʒɔ̃/ |
abrégez /a.bʁe.ʒe/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “abréger”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams
[edit]Categories:
- French terms inherited from Old French
- French terms derived from Old French
- French terms inherited from Late Latin
- French terms derived from Late Latin
- French doublets
- French 3-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French terms with audio pronunciation
- French lemmas
- French verbs
- French terms with quotations
- French verbs with conjugation -é-er
- French first group verbs