From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Conjugation table for consonant-ending Proto-Common Turkic verbs.
- 1 = Stem
- 2 = Last vowel in the stem
- 3 = Dominant vowel in the present form
- 4 =
t or d for the past seen or clear forms
For *kač- (“to run away”)
Conjugation of *documentation (Common Turkic)
Note: Actual conjugations can be more complex than tables below. Compound forms with the auxiliary *er- not shown.
| Positive
|
|
|
| infinitive
|
*kačmak
|
| participle
|
present
|
*kačgan, kačïgma, kačar
|
| past
|
*kačduk, kačmïš
|
| future
|
*kačdačï, kačmakčï, kačsïk, kačačak
|
| verbal noun
|
*kačma, kačïg, kačgu
|
| way of doing
|
*kačïš
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| 1st person
|
2nd person
|
3rd person
|
1st person
|
2nd person
|
3rd person
|
| *ben
|
*sen
|
*ol
|
*biz
|
*siz
|
*olar
|
| indicative
|
aorist
|
*kačar ben
|
*kačar sen
|
*kačar
|
*kačar biz
|
*kačar siz
|
*kačar
|
| past
|
simple
|
*kačdïm
|
*kačdïŋ
|
*kačdï
|
*kačdïk, kačdïmïz
|
*kačdïŋïz
|
*kačdï
|
| inferential
|
*kačmïš ben
|
*kačmïš sen
|
*kačmïš
|
*kačmïš biz
|
*kačmïš siz
|
*kačmïš
|
| future
|
simple
|
*kačdačï ben, kačmakčï ben, kačačak ben
|
*kačdačï sen, kačmakčï sen, kačačak sen
|
*kačdačï, kačmakčï, kačačak
|
*kačdačï biz, kačmakčï biz, kačačak biz
|
*kačdačï siz, kačmakčï siz, kačačak siz
|
*kačdačï, kačmakčï, kačačak
|
| predictive
|
*kačgay ben
|
*kačgay sen
|
*kačgay
|
*kačgay biz
|
*kačgay siz
|
*kačgay
|
| necessitive
|
*kačsïkïm
|
*kačsïkïŋ
|
*kačsïk
|
*kačsïkïmïz
|
*kačsïkïŋïz
|
*kačsïk
|
| conditional
|
*kačsam, kačsar ben
|
*kačsaŋ, kačsar sen
|
*kačsa, kačsar
|
*kačsak, kačsamïz, kačsar biz
|
*kačsaŋïz, kačsar siz
|
*kačsalar, kačsar
|
| optative
|
*kačgay ben
|
*kačgay sen
|
*kačgay
|
*kačgay biz
|
*kačgay siz
|
*kačgay
|
| progressive
|
*kačmakda ben
|
*kačmakda sen
|
*kačmakda
|
*kačmakda biz
|
*kačmakda siz
|
*kačmakda
|
| necessitative
|
*kačmalïg ben
|
*kačmalïg sen
|
*kačmalïg
|
*kačmalïg biz
|
*kačmalïg siz
|
*kačmalïg
|
| imperative
|
*kačayïn
|
*kač, kačgïl
|
*kačzun
|
*kačalïm
|
*kačïŋ
|
*kačzun
|
|
|
| Negative
|
|
|
| infinitive
|
*kačmamak
|
| participle
|
present
|
*kačmagan, kačmagma, kačmaz
|
| past
|
*kačmaduk, kačmamïš
|
| future
|
*kačmačï, kačmasïk, kačmayačak
|
| verbal noun
|
*kačmama, kačmag, kačmagu
|
| way of doing
|
*kačmayïš
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| 1st person
|
2nd person
|
3rd person
|
1st person
|
2nd person
|
3rd person
|
| *ben
|
*sen
|
*ol
|
*biz
|
*siz
|
*olar
|
| indicative
|
aorist
|
*kačmaz ben
|
*kačmaz sen
|
*kačmaz
|
*kačmaz biz
|
*kačmaz siz
|
*kačmaz
|
| past
|
simple
|
*kačmadïm
|
*kačmadïŋ
|
*kačmadï
|
*kačmadïk, kačmadïmïz
|
*kačmadïŋïz
|
*kačmadï
|
| inferential
|
*kačmamïš ben
|
*kačmamïš sen
|
*kačmamïš
|
*kačmamïš biz
|
*kačmamïš siz
|
*kačmamïš
|
| future
|
simple
|
*kačmačï ben, kačmayačak ben
|
*kačmačï sen, kačmayačak sen
|
*kačmačï, kačmayačak
|
*kačmačï biz, kačmayačak biz
|
*kačmačï siz, kačmayačak siz
|
*kačmačï, kačmayačak
|
| predictive
|
*kačmagay ben
|
*kačmagay sen
|
*kačmagay
|
*kačmagay biz
|
*kačmagay siz
|
*kačmagay
|
| necessitive
|
*kačmasïkïm
|
*kačmasïkïŋ
|
*kačmasïk
|
*kačmasïkïmïz
|
*kačmasïkïŋïz
|
*kačmasïk
|
| conditional
|
*kačmasam, kačmasar ben
|
*kačmasaŋ, kačmasar sen
|
*kačmasa, kačmasar
|
*kačmasak, kačmasamïz, kačmasar biz
|
*kačmasaŋïz, kačmasar siz
|
*kačmasalar, kačmasar
|
| optative
|
*kačmagay ben
|
*kačmagay sen
|
*kačmagay
|
*kačmagay biz
|
*kačmagay siz
|
*kačmagay
|
| progressive
|
*kačmamakda ben
|
*kačmamakda sen
|
*kačmamakda
|
*kačmamakda biz
|
*kačmamakda siz
|
*kačmamakda
|
| necessitative
|
*kačmamalïg ben
|
*kačmamalïg sen
|
*kačmamalïg
|
*kačmamalïg biz
|
*kačmamalïg siz
|
*kačmamalïg
|
| imperative
|
*kačmayayïn
|
*kačma, kačmagïl
|
*kačmazun
|
*kačmayalïm
|
*kačmayïŋ
|
*kačmazun
|
{{trk-cmn-conj-c|kač|a|a|d}}
For *kẹl- (“to come”)
Conjugation of *documentation (Common Turkic)
Note: Actual conjugations can be more complex than tables below. Compound forms with the auxiliary *er- not shown.
| Positive
|
|
|
| infinitive
|
*kẹlmek
|
| participle
|
present
|
*kẹlgen, kẹligme, kẹlür
|
| past
|
*kẹltük, kẹlmiš
|
| future
|
*kẹlteči, kẹlmekči, kẹlsik, kẹleček
|
| verbal noun
|
*kẹlme, kẹlig, kẹlgü
|
| way of doing
|
*kẹliš
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| 1st person
|
2nd person
|
3rd person
|
1st person
|
2nd person
|
3rd person
|
| *ben
|
*sen
|
*ol
|
*biz
|
*siz
|
*olar
|
| indicative
|
aorist
|
*kẹlür ben
|
*kẹlür sen
|
*kẹlür
|
*kẹlür biz
|
*kẹlür siz
|
*kẹlür
|
| past
|
simple
|
*kẹltim
|
*kẹltiŋ
|
*kẹlti
|
*kẹltik, kẹltimiz
|
*kẹltiŋiz
|
*kẹlti
|
| inferential
|
*kẹlmiš ben
|
*kẹlmiš sen
|
*kẹlmiš
|
*kẹlmiš biz
|
*kẹlmiš siz
|
*kẹlmiš
|
| future
|
simple
|
*kẹlteči ben, kẹlmekči ben, kẹleček ben
|
*kẹlteči sen, kẹlmekči sen, kẹleček sen
|
*kẹlteči, kẹlmekči, kẹleček
|
*kẹlteči biz, kẹlmekči biz, kẹleček biz
|
*kẹlteči siz, kẹlmekči siz, kẹleček siz
|
*kẹlteči, kẹlmekči, kẹleček
|
| predictive
|
*kẹlgey ben
|
*kẹlgey sen
|
*kẹlgey
|
*kẹlgey biz
|
*kẹlgey siz
|
*kẹlgey
|
| necessitive
|
*kẹlsikim
|
*kẹlsikiŋ
|
*kẹlsik
|
*kẹlsikimiz
|
*kẹlsikiŋiz
|
*kẹlsik
|
| conditional
|
*kẹlsem, kẹlser ben
|
*kẹlseŋ, kẹlser sen
|
*kẹlse, kẹlser
|
*kẹlsek, kẹlsemiz, kẹlser biz
|
*kẹlseŋiz, kẹlser siz
|
*kẹlseler, kẹlser
|
| optative
|
*kẹlgey ben
|
*kẹlgey sen
|
*kẹlgey
|
*kẹlgey biz
|
*kẹlgey siz
|
*kẹlgey
|
| progressive
|
*kẹlmekde ben
|
*kẹlmekde sen
|
*kẹlmekde
|
*kẹlmekde biz
|
*kẹlmekde siz
|
*kẹlmekde
|
| necessitative
|
*kẹlmelig ben
|
*kẹlmelig sen
|
*kẹlmelig
|
*kẹlmelig biz
|
*kẹlmelig siz
|
*kẹlmelig
|
| imperative
|
*kẹleyin
|
*kẹl, kẹlgil
|
*kẹlzün
|
*kẹlelim
|
*kẹliŋ
|
*kẹlzün
|
|
|
| Negative
|
|
|
| infinitive
|
*kẹlmemek
|
| participle
|
present
|
*kẹlmegen, kẹlmegme, kẹlmez
|
| past
|
*kẹlmedük, kẹlmemiš
|
| future
|
*kẹlmeči, kẹlmesik, kẹlmeyeček
|
| verbal noun
|
*kẹlmeme, kẹlmeg, kẹlmegü
|
| way of doing
|
*kẹlmeyiš
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| 1st person
|
2nd person
|
3rd person
|
1st person
|
2nd person
|
3rd person
|
| *ben
|
*sen
|
*ol
|
*biz
|
*siz
|
*olar
|
| indicative
|
aorist
|
*kẹlmez ben
|
*kẹlmez sen
|
*kẹlmez
|
*kẹlmez biz
|
*kẹlmez siz
|
*kẹlmez
|
| past
|
simple
|
*kẹlmedim
|
*kẹlmediŋ
|
*kẹlmedi
|
*kẹlmedik, kẹlmedimiz
|
*kẹlmediŋiz
|
*kẹlmedi
|
| inferential
|
*kẹlmemiš ben
|
*kẹlmemiš sen
|
*kẹlmemiš
|
*kẹlmemiš biz
|
*kẹlmemiš siz
|
*kẹlmemiš
|
| future
|
simple
|
*kẹlmeči ben, kẹlmeyeček ben
|
*kẹlmeči sen, kẹlmeyeček sen
|
*kẹlmeči, kẹlmeyeček
|
*kẹlmeči biz, kẹlmeyeček biz
|
*kẹlmeči siz, kẹlmeyeček siz
|
*kẹlmeči, kẹlmeyeček
|
| predictive
|
*kẹlmegey ben
|
*kẹlmegey sen
|
*kẹlmegey
|
*kẹlmegey biz
|
*kẹlmegey siz
|
*kẹlmegey
|
| necessitive
|
*kẹlmesikim
|
*kẹlmesikiŋ
|
*kẹlmesik
|
*kẹlmesikimiz
|
*kẹlmesikiŋiz
|
*kẹlmesik
|
| conditional
|
*kẹlmesem, kẹlmeser ben
|
*kẹlmeseŋ, kẹlmeser sen
|
*kẹlmese, kẹlmeser
|
*kẹlmesek, kẹlmesemiz, kẹlmeser biz
|
*kẹlmeseŋiz, kẹlmeser siz
|
*kẹlmeseler, kẹlmeser
|
| optative
|
*kẹlmegey ben
|
*kẹlmegey sen
|
*kẹlmegey
|
*kẹlmegey biz
|
*kẹlmegey siz
|
*kẹlmegey
|
| progressive
|
*kẹlmemekde ben
|
*kẹlmemekde sen
|
*kẹlmemekde
|
*kẹlmemekde biz
|
*kẹlmemekde siz
|
*kẹlmemekde
|
| necessitative
|
*kẹlmemelig ben
|
*kẹlmemelig sen
|
*kẹlmemelig
|
*kẹlmemelig biz
|
*kẹlmemelig siz
|
*kẹlmemelig
|
| imperative
|
*kẹlmeyeyin
|
*kẹlme, kẹlmegil
|
*kẹlmezün
|
*kẹlmeyelim
|
*kẹlmeyiŋ
|
*kẹlmezün
|
{{trk-cmn-conj-c|kẹl|e|ü|t}}
