Template:ru-decl-adj/documentation

This is the template for creating a Russian adjective declension table, using Module:ru-adjective.

Parameters

|1=

Lemma, with appropriately placed accent(s); or stem, if the declension class is explicitly given in |2=.

|2=

Declension class (usually omitted to autodetect based on the lemma), along with any short accent type and optional irregular short stem; see below.

|suffix=

Optional suffix to add unchanged to each form.

|title=

Override the table title.

|nom_m=, |nom_n=, |nom_f=, |nom_p=, |gen_m=, |gen_f=, |gen_p=, |dat_m=, |dat_f=, |dat_p=, |acc_f=, |acc_n=, |ins_m=, |ins_f=, |ins_p=, |pre_m=, |pre_f=, |pre_p=, |short_m=, |short_n=, |short_f=, |short_p=; also |nom_mp= for old-style declension tables (|old=1) and два/оба/compounds of два (|special=*); also |nom_fp= for два/оба/compounds of два (|special=*); also |gen_mp=, |gen_fp=, |dat_mp=, |dat_fp=, |ins_mp=, |ins_fp=, |pre_mp=, |pre_fp= for оба (|special=oba)

Override one or more declensional forms (nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, instrumental, prepositional, partitive, locative, vocative, short-form; masculine, feminine, neuter, plural, masculine plural, feminine plural). Alternatives may be separated by commas. Overridden forms, including comma-separated alternatives, will automatically be linked; but if you include a form along with other text (e.g. parens or a *), you should manually insert a link (it is OK to just use brackets around the link, even with stress marks in the form).

|shorttail=

Footnote symbol (e.g. *, 1, 2, etc.) to add to the last short form if there's more than one; automatically superscripted. Used in conjunction with |notes= to add a footnote to the short forms. This works like {{ru-noun-table}}; see the documentation for that template for more information on footnotes and footnote symbols.

|shorttailall=

Like |shorttail= but appended to all short forms, including when there's only one.

|CASE_NUMGEN_tail=

Append a footnote symbol to the last form for a particular case/number/gender combination. Note that this differs from |shorttail= in that it will be appended even if there's only one form. The possible values of CASE_NUMGEN are the same as for overrides.

|CASE_NUMGEN_tailall=

Same but appends to all forms, as with |shorttailall=.

|notes=

Note(s) to insert into the table. An initial footnote symbol (e.g. *, 1, 2, etc.) is automatically superscripted.

|special=

Use special tables for adjective-like numerals (два, оба, compounds of два). See below.

Declension spec

The form of the declension spec (argument 2) is DECLSPEC or DECLSPEC,DECLSPEC,... where DECLSPEC is one of the following:

1. DECLCLASS:SHORTACCENT:SHORTSTEM
2. DECLCLASS:SHORTACCENT
3. DECLCLASS
4. SHORTACCENT:SHORTSTEM
5. SHORTSTEM
6. (blank)

DECLCLASS should normally be omitted, and the declension autodetected from the ending; or it should be ь, to indicate that an adjective in -ий is of the possessive variety with an extra -ь- in most of the endings. Alternatively, it can be an explicit declension class, in which case the lemma field needs to be replaced with the bare stem; the following are the possibilities:

• ый, ий, ой, ьий (for long adjectives)
• ій, ьій (for long adjectives with pre-reform spelling, in place of ий and ьий)
• short, stressed-short, mixed, proper, stressed-proper (for short or mixed adjectives, i.e. those ending in -ов, -ин, or similar)
• ъ-short, ъ-stressed-short, ъ-mixed, ъ-proper, ъ-stressed-proper (aliases of the above; can be used with pre-reform adjectives to emphasize the ending in -ъ, but not required)

SHORTACCENT is one of a a' b b' c c' c'' to auto-generate the short forms with the specified accent pattern (following Zaliznyak, see below); if omitted, no short forms will be auto-generated. SHORTACCENT can also contain the following special-case markers:

• * for reducible "reducible" adjectives, where the short masculine singular has an epenthetic vowel in the final syllable
• (1) for use with adjectives in -нный/-нний, causing the short masculine singular to end in -н instead of -нн
• (2) for use with adjectives in -нный/-нний, causing all short forms to end in -н instead of -нн

SHORTSTEM, if present, is used as the short stem to base the short forms off of, instead of the normal adjective long stem (possibly with a final-syllable accent added in the case of declension class ой).

Short accent types

Type	Masculine accent	Feminine accent	Neuter accent	Plural accent
a	stem
a'	stem	ending or stem	stem
b	ending
b'	ending			ending or stem
c	stem	ending	stem
c'	stem	ending	stem	ending or stem
c''	stem	ending	ending or stem

Declension classes

The following table lists the explicit declensional classes. "Old class" is the class for use with |old=1, which creates old-style (pre-1918) adjective templates. Note that in normal usage you should not include explicit declension classes, but should include the full lemma in argument 1 and allow the declension class to be autodetected.

Class	Old class	Nominative ending	Old nominative ending	Comments
ый		ый
ий	ій	ий	ій
ой		о́й
ьий	ьій	ий	ій	possessive -ий, e.g. ры́бий (rýbij) (old-style ры́бій (rýbij))
short	short, ъ-short	(none)	ъ	possessive -ов, -ёв, -ев, e.g. отцо́в (otcóv) (old-style отцо́въ (otcóv))
stressed-short	stressed-short, ъ-stressed-short	(none)	ъ	possessive -ин with stressed endings, e.g. фоми́н (fomín)
mixed	mixed, ъ-mixed	(none)	ъ	possessive -ин, -ын, e.g. ма́мин (mámin)
proper	proper, ъ-proper	(none)	ъ	possessive proper nouns in -ов, -ёв, -ев, -ин, -ын, with feminine but no neuter, e.g. Попо́в (Popóv), Ре́пин (Répin)
stressed-proper	stressed-proper, ъ-stressed-proper	(none)	ъ	possessive proper nouns in -и́н, -ы́н with stressed endings, e.g. Бороди́н (Borodín) (genitive Бородина́ (Borodiná))
manual	manual	(any)	(any)	used with explicit overrides for all forms; unspecified forms default to "-"

Auto-accenting and required accents

Multisyllabic words in arguments (lemma, short stem, overrides) normally need a stress mark in them (as in а́, ы́, ё or ѣ̈) to indicate the position of the stress; an error will occur otherwise. Accents are not required on monosyllabic words, which will automatically be stressed on their only vowel. You can override both accent errors and auto-accenting by prefixing the lemma with *. (Don't use this prefix on other arguments. If present on the lemma, it applies to all arguments.) This is useful when a word has no stress (e.g. unstressed suffixes) or when the stress is unknown.

Manual transliteration

All parameters that accept Russian text can be followed by // and a manual transliteration. Transformations of the Russian text (e.g. reducing, dereducing, moving the stress) will appropriately be applied to the manual transliteration as well. Certain rules need to be respected concerning the manual transliteration, and will trigger errors if not. For example, the manual transliteration needs to have the same number of syllables as the Russian, and the manual transliteration of the lemma needs to have the same declensional ending (e.g. -ый, -ой, -ъ), or rather its transliteration.

Special numeral templates

Special support is present for два (dva), оба (oba) and compounds of два, e.g. два́дцать два́ (dvádcatʹ dvá). These numerals are supported, respectively, using |special=dva, |special=oba and |special=cdva. These should be used in conjunction with manually-specified declensions and explicit overrides for all forms. Three different special cases are required:

• два has distinct masculine/neuter from feminine in the nominative and inanimate accusative only, along with an animacy distinction.
• оба has distinct masculine/neuter from feminine in all cases, along with an animacy distinction.
• Compounds of два are like два but have no animacy distinction.

See the example below.

Examples

Example 1

The adjective ара́бский (arábskij, “Arabic, Arab”) has no short forms.

{{ru-decl-adj|ара́бский}}

produces

Declension of ара́бский (no short forms)

		masculine	neuter	feminine	plural
nominative		ара́бский arábskij	ара́бское arábskoje	ара́бская arábskaja	ара́бские arábskije
genitive		ара́бского arábskovo		ара́бской arábskoj	ара́бских arábskix
dative		ара́бскому arábskomu		ара́бской arábskoj	ара́бским arábskim
accusative	animate	ара́бского arábskovo	ара́бское arábskoje	ара́бскую arábskuju	ара́бских arábskix
	inanimate	ара́бский arábskij			ара́бские arábskije
instrumental		ара́бским arábskim		ара́бской, ара́бскою arábskoj, arábskoju	ара́бскими arábskimi
prepositional		ара́бском arábskom		ара́бской arábskoj	ара́бских arábskix

Example 2

The adjective анони́мный (anonímnyj, “anonymous”) has stem-stressed short forms (type a), and the masculine singular анони́мен (anonímen) has an epenthetic vowel, indicated by the reducible declension symbol *.

{{ru-decl-adj|анони́мный|a*}}

produces

Declension of анони́мный (short class a*)

		masculine	neuter	feminine	plural
nominative		анони́мный anonímnyj	анони́мное anonímnoje	анони́мная anonímnaja	анони́мные anonímnyje
genitive		анони́много anonímnovo		анони́мной anonímnoj	анони́мных anonímnyx
dative		анони́мному anonímnomu		анони́мной anonímnoj	анони́мным anonímnym
accusative	animate	анони́много anonímnovo	анони́мное anonímnoje	анони́мную anonímnuju	анони́мных anonímnyx
	inanimate	анони́мный anonímnyj			анони́мные anonímnyje
instrumental		анони́мным anonímnym		анони́мной, анони́мною anonímnoj, anonímnoju	анони́мными anonímnymi
prepositional		анони́мном anonímnom		анони́мной anonímnoj	анони́мных anonímnyx
short form		анони́мен anonímen	анони́мно anonímno	анони́мна anonímna	анони́мны anonímny

Example 3

The adjective о́стрый (óstryj, “short, critical, hot (of food)”) has stem-stressed short masculine and neuter singular and either stem or ending stress in the feminine singular and the plural (type c''). In addition, it has an epenthetic vowel in the masculine singular, but the form is irregular остёр (ostjór) instead of expected о́стер (óster); hence an override is needed.

{{ru-decl-adj|о́стрый|c''*|short_m=остёр}}

produces

Declension of о́стрый (short class cʺ*)

		masculine	neuter	feminine	plural
nominative		о́стрый óstryj	о́строе óstroje	о́страя óstraja	о́стрые óstryje
genitive		о́строго óstrovo		о́строй óstroj	о́стрых óstryx
dative		о́строму óstromu		о́строй óstroj	о́стрым óstrym
accusative	animate	о́строго óstrovo	о́строе óstroje	о́струю óstruju	о́стрых óstryx
	inanimate	о́стрый óstryj			о́стрые óstryje
instrumental		о́стрым óstrym		о́строй, о́строю óstroj, óstroju	о́стрыми óstrymi
prepositional		о́стром óstrom		о́строй óstroj	о́стрых óstryx
short form		остёр ostjór	остро́, о́стро ostró, óstro	остра́ ostrá	остры́, о́стры ostrý, óstry

Example 4

The adjective нра́вственный (nrávstvennyj, “moral”) has stem-stressed short forms. The masculine singular short form can be either нра́вственен (nrávstvenen) (reducible declension symbol *) or нра́вствен (nrávstven) (special-case symbol (1)).

{{ru-decl-adj|нра́вственный|a*,a(1)}}

produces

Declension of нра́вственный (short class a*[①])

		masculine	neuter	feminine	plural
nominative		нра́вственный nrávstvennyj	нра́вственное nrávstvennoje	нра́вственная nrávstvennaja	нра́вственные nrávstvennyje
genitive		нра́вственного nrávstvennovo		нра́вственной nrávstvennoj	нра́вственных nrávstvennyx
dative		нра́вственному nrávstvennomu		нра́вственной nrávstvennoj	нра́вственным nrávstvennym
accusative	animate	нра́вственного nrávstvennovo	нра́вственное nrávstvennoje	нра́вственную nrávstvennuju	нра́вственных nrávstvennyx
	inanimate	нра́вственный nrávstvennyj			нра́вственные nrávstvennyje
instrumental		нра́вственным nrávstvennym		нра́вственной, нра́вственною nrávstvennoj, nrávstvennoju	нра́вственными nrávstvennymi
prepositional		нра́вственном nrávstvennom		нра́вственной nrávstvennoj	нра́вственных nrávstvennyx
short form		нра́вственен, нра́вствен nrávstvenen, nrávstven	нра́вственно nrávstvenno	нра́вственна nrávstvenna	нра́вственны nrávstvenny

Example 5

The adjective и́скренний (ískrennij, “sincere”) has reducible short masculine singular и́скренен (ískrenen) (type a, reducible declension symbol *). The remaining short forms are irregular or have irregular alternatives, requiring overrides.

{{ru-decl-adj|и́скренний|a*|short_n=и́скренне,и́скренно|short_f=и́скренна|short_p=и́скренни,и́скренны}}

produces

Declension of и́скренний (short class a*)

		masculine	neuter	feminine	plural
nominative		и́скренний ískrennij	и́скреннее ískrenneje	и́скренняя ískrennjaja	и́скренние ískrennije
genitive		и́скреннего ískrennevo		и́скренней ískrennej	и́скренних ískrennix
dative		и́скреннему ískrennemu		и́скренней ískrennej	и́скренним ískrennim
accusative	animate	и́скреннего ískrennevo	и́скреннее ískrenneje	и́скреннюю ískrennjuju	и́скренних ískrennix
	inanimate	и́скренний ískrennij			и́скренние ískrennije
instrumental		и́скренним ískrennim		и́скренней, и́скреннею ískrennej, ískrenneju	и́скренними ískrennimi
prepositional		и́скреннем ískrennem		и́скренней ískrennej	и́скренних ískrennix
short form		и́скренен ískrenen	и́скренне, и́скренно ískrenne, ískrenno	и́скренна ískrenna	и́скренни, и́скренны ískrenni, ískrenny

Example 6

The adjective большо́й (bolʹšój, “big”) has short forms with a completely different stem, e.g. masculine singular вели́к (velík), feminine singular велика́ (veliká) (type b).

{{ru-decl-adj|большо́й|b:вели́к}}

produces

Declension of большо́й (short class b)

		masculine	neuter	feminine	plural
nominative		большо́й bolʹšój	большо́е bolʹšóje	больша́я bolʹšája	больши́е bolʹšíje
genitive		большо́го bolʹšóvo		большо́й bolʹšój	больши́х bolʹšíx
dative		большо́му bolʹšómu		большо́й bolʹšój	больши́м bolʹším
accusative	animate	большо́го bolʹšóvo	большо́е bolʹšóje	большу́ю bolʹšúju	больши́х bolʹšíx
	inanimate	большо́й bolʹšój			больши́е bolʹšíje
instrumental		больши́м bolʹším		большо́й, большо́ю bolʹšój, bolʹšóju	больши́ми bolʹšími
prepositional		большо́м bolʹšóm		большо́й bolʹšój	больши́х bolʹšíx
short form		вели́к velík	велико́ velikó	велика́ veliká	велики́ velikí

Example 7

The adjective стре́ссовый (strɛ́ssovyj, “related to stress”) requires manual transliteration.

{{ru-decl-adj|стре́ссовый//strɛ́ssovyj}}

produces

Declension of стре́ссовый (unknown short forms)

		masculine	neuter	feminine	plural
nominative		стре́ссовый strɛ́ssovyj	стре́ссовое strɛ́ssovoje	стре́ссовая strɛ́ssovaja	стре́ссовые strɛ́ssovyje
genitive		стре́ссового strɛ́ssovovo		стре́ссовой strɛ́ssovoj	стре́ссовых strɛ́ssovyx
dative		стре́ссовому strɛ́ssovomu		стре́ссовой strɛ́ssovoj	стре́ссовым strɛ́ssovym
accusative	animate	стре́ссового strɛ́ssovovo	стре́ссовое strɛ́ssovoje	стре́ссовую strɛ́ssovuju	стре́ссовых strɛ́ssovyx
	inanimate	стре́ссовый strɛ́ssovyj			стре́ссовые strɛ́ssovyje
instrumental		стре́ссовым strɛ́ssovym		стре́ссовой, стре́ссовою strɛ́ssovoj, strɛ́ssovoju	стре́ссовыми strɛ́ssovymi
prepositional		стре́ссовом strɛ́ssovom		стре́ссовой strɛ́ssovoj	стре́ссовых strɛ́ssovyx

Example 8

The numeral два́дцать два́ (dvádcatʹ dvá, “twenty-two”) requires use of a special template.

{{ru-decl-adj|-|manual|nom_mp=два́дцать два|nom_fp=два́дцать две|gen_p=двадцати́ двух|dat_p=двадцати́ двум|ins_p=двадцатью́ двумя́|pre_p=двадцати́ двух|special=cdva}}

produces

Declension of два́дцать два

		masculine/neuter	feminine
nominative		два́дцать два dvádcatʹ dva	два́дцать две dvádcatʹ dve
genitive		двадцати́ двух dvadcatí dvux
dative		двадцати́ двум dvadcatí dvum
accusative		два́дцать два dvádcatʹ dva	два́дцать две dvádcatʹ dve
instrumental		двадцатью́ двумя́ dvadcatʹjú dvumjá
prepositional		двадцати́ двух dvadcatí dvux

Example 9

The adjective недорого́й (nedorogój, “cheap, inexpensive”) has stem-stressed short forms in the masculine, neuter, and plural, (type c), but the end-stressing suffix -о́й in its long forms, requiring the second and third values of parameter |2= (SHORTACCENT:SHORTSTEM) to avoid end stress.

{{ru-decl-adj|недорого́й|c:недо́рог}}

produces

Declension of недорого́й (short class c)

		masculine	neuter	feminine	plural
nominative		недорого́й nedorogój	недорого́е nedorogóje	недорога́я nedorogája	недороги́е nedorogíje
genitive		недорого́го nedorogóvo		недорого́й nedorogój	недороги́х nedorogíx
dative		недорого́му nedorogómu		недорого́й nedorogój	недороги́м nedorogím
accusative	animate	недорого́го nedorogóvo	недорого́е nedorogóje	недорогу́ю nedorogúju	недороги́х nedorogíx
	inanimate	недорого́й nedorogój			недороги́е nedorogíje
instrumental		недороги́м nedorogím		недорого́й, недорого́ю nedorogój, nedorogóju	недороги́ми nedorogími
prepositional		недорого́м nedorogóm		недорого́й nedorogój	недороги́х nedorogíx
short form		недо́рог nedórog	недо́рого nedórogo	недорога́ nedorogá	недо́роги nedórogi